Sex and gender

Question 1

Sex

Answer 1

the biological and anatomical differences between females and males

Question 2

primary sex characteristics

Answer 2

the genitalia used in the reproductive process

Question 3

secondary sex characteristics

Answer 3

The physical traits (other than reproductive organs) that identify an individual’s sex

Question 4

hermaphrodite

Answer 4

a person in who sexual differentiation is ambiguous or incomplete

Question 5

transsexual

Answer 5

a person who believes that he or she was born with the body of the wrong sex

Question 6

transgender

Answer 6

Not identifying with culturally conventional gender roles and categories of male or female; having changed gender identity from male to female or female to male, or identifying with elements of both, or having some other gender identity.

Question 7

transvestite

Answer 7

a male who lives as a woman or a female who lives as a man but does not alter the genitalia

Question 8

cisgender

Answer 8

individuals who have a match between the gender they were assigned at birth, their bodies, and their personal identity

Question 9

sexual orientation

Answer 9

a person’s preference for emotional-sexual relationships with members of the opposite sex (heterosexuality), the same sex (homosexuality), or both (bisexuality).

Question 10

homophobia

Answer 10

extreme prejudice directed at gays, lesbians, bisexuals, and others who are perceived as not being heterosexual

Question 11

gender

Answer 11

the culturally and socially constructed differences between females and males found in the meanings, beliefs, and practices associated with “femininity” and “masculinity”

Question 12

gender role

Answer 12

the attitudes, behavior, and activities that are socially defined as appropriate for each sex and are learned through the socialization process

Question 13

gender identity

Answer 13

a person’s perception of self as male or female

Question 14

body consciousness

Answer 14

a term that describes how a person perceives and feels about his or her body

Question 15

sexism

Answer 15

the subordination of one sex, usually female, based on the assumed superiority of the other sex

Question 16

matriarchy

Answer 16

a hierarchical system of social organization in which cultural, political, and economic structures are controlled by women

Question 17

patriarchy

Answer 17

a hierarchical system of social organization in which cultural, political, and economic structures are controlled by men

Question 18

gender bias

Answer 18

behavior that shows favoritism toward one gender over the other

Question 19

pay gap

Answer 19

a term used to describe the disparity between women’s and men’s earnings

Question 20

comparable worth (or pay equity)

Answer 20

the belief that wages ought to reflect the worth of a job, not the gender or race of the worker

Question 21

feminism

Answer 21

the belief that all people–both women and men–are equal and that they should be valued equally and have equal rights