Severson Abnormal CV development

Question 1

name 3 left to right shunts

Answer 1

atrial septal defect
ventral septal defect
patent ductus arteriosus

Question 2

name 3 right to left shunts

Answer 2

teratology of fallot
transposition of great arteries
truncus arteriosus

Question 3

which type of shunt makes blue babies?

Answer 3

right to left

Question 4

what is the most common congenital heart abnormality?

Answer 4

ventricular septal defect

Question 5

What abnormality is associated with maternal rubella during early pregnancy?

Answer 5

Patent ductus arteriosus

Question 6

what abnormality produces a machine-like murmur?

Answer 6

PDA

Question 7

What are the 4 defects in Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 7

Pulmonary stenosis
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Overriding aorta
Ventricular septal defect
e 
(PROVe)

Question 8

What embryological defect causes a transposition of the great arteries?

Answer 8

A straight division of the bulbus cordis and truncus arteriosus (failure of normal spiraling of the aorticopulmonary septum)

Question 9

a transposition of the great arteries is incompatible with life unless what is present?

Answer 9

A patent ductus arteriosus

Question 10

What defect is particularly common in offspring of diabetic motheres?

Answer 10

transposition of great arteries

Question 11

What causes a truncus arteriosus?

Answer 11

Failur of bulbar and truncal ridges to develop

Question 12

what is a truncus arteriosus defect?

Answer 12

a common aorticopulmonary outlet, receiving blood from both ventricles

Question 13

What are the 2 forms of a coractation of the aorta?

Answer 13

Infantile (preductal) and Adult (postductal)

Question 14

In the postductal form, what happens?

Answer 14

constriction of aorta distal to ligamentum arteriosum

Question 15

what happens in the preductal form?

Answer 15

narrowing of aortic segment between subclavian artery (left) and ductus arteriosus (patent)

Question 16

What heart defects are associated with down syndrome?

Answer 16

Atrial and ventricular septal defects

Question 17

what happens in dextrocardia?

Answer 17

Heart folds left instead of right

Question 18

What does the bulbus cordis become?

Answer 18

Conus arteriosus and aortic vestibule

Question 19

What does the truncus arteriosus become?

Answer 19

gives rise to the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk

Question 20

What developmental structures serves to divide the atrioventricular canal into R and L channels?

Answer 20

Endocardial cushions

Question 21

What do the endocardial cushions contribute to?

Answer 21

divides AV canal into R and L channels
membranous poriton of interventricular septum
closure of primary interatrial foramen

Question 22

which septum are the primary and secondary foramina associated with?

Answer 22

primary

Question 23

which septum forms the foramen ovale?

Answer 23

secondary

Question 24

what are the bulbar and truncus ridges derived from?

Answer 24

Neural crest mesenchyme

Question 25

what forms the membranous portion of the interventricular septum?

Answer 25

endocardial cushions and bulbar ridges fuse

Question 26

what does the distal portion of the left 6th aortic arch form?

Answer 26

ductus arteriosus

Question 27

what does the proximal portion of the left 6th aortic arch form?

Answer 27

proximal part of left pulmonary artery

Question 28

what does the proximal portion of the right 6th aortic arch form?

Answer 28

proximal part of right pulmonary artery

Question 29

what does the right 4th aortic arch form?

Answer 29

Right subclavian artery

Question 30

what does the left 4th aortic arch form?

Answer 30

aortic arch

Question 31

what 2 things does the aortic sac contribute to?

Answer 31

brachiocephalic trunk and arch of aorta

Question 32

what drug is used to close a ductus arteriosus in newborns?

Answer 32

Indomethacin

Question 33

what drug can keep a ductus arteriosus open in newborns?

Answer 33

PG E