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Geography GE > Settlement Change > Flashcards

Settlement Change Flashcards

1
Q

CASE STUDY:

What percentage of the country’s population is Egypt the home to?

A

25%

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2
Q

CASE STUDY:

What is Cairo’s population?

A

16 million (on average)

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3
Q

CASE STUDY:

What is the rate of growth in population in Cairo per year?

A

500 000

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4
Q

CASE STUDY:

Why is the life in Cairo perceived to be of a better quality than that in the countryside?

A

It has better education and healthcare.

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5
Q

CASE STUDY:

State two reasons as to why the population is growing in Cairo.

A

Youngsters are most likely to move there from the countryside (urbanisation) and they are also most likely to have babies -> a rising birth rate so population rises.
Better healthcare in the city so infant mortality rates are lower and the population will continue to rise.

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6
Q

CASE STUDY:

What has the big population caused in respect of housing?

A

A housing shortage.

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7
Q

CASE STUDY:

What percentage of Cairo’s population are living in shanty homes?

A

60%

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8
Q

CASE STUDY:

How many people live in the ‘City of the Dead’ (on average) and what do they go without?

A

1 million

No running water or sanitation.

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9
Q

CASE STUDY:

What percentage have no fresh water?

A

23%

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10
Q

CASE STUDY:

What percentage have no sanitation?

A

25%

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11
Q

CASE STUDY:

What percentage of sewage is discharged into the rivers?

A

15%

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12
Q

CASE STUDY:

How many litres of industrial waste in discharged into the Nile a day? And what does this cause?

A

2.5 million litres

More water pollution and worse health for the people.

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13
Q

CASE STUDY:
True or false?
‘The noise in Egypt is far above the World Health Organisation’s recommendations, meaning that there is noise pollution there.’

A

True

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14
Q

CASE STUDY:

What will the workers work for? What does this lead to?

A

Less money, so there are lots of job opportunities. This means that the economy is rapidly growing.

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15
Q

Define ‘brownfield site’

A

A site for new homes that has been built on before.

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16
Q

Define ‘central business district (CBD)’

A

Where most of a town’s business takes place. Usually in the town centre.

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17
Q

Define ‘clustered/ nucleated’

A

When the buildings in a settlement are all built around one point.

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18
Q

Define ‘counter-urbanisation’

A

The movement of people out of cities into the

countryside.

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19
Q

Define ‘de-industrialisation’

A

When industry moves from the inner city to the rural-urban fringe.

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20
Q

Define ‘dispersed/ fragmented’

A

When the buildings in a settlement are built all over the place- no specific pattern.

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21
Q

Define ‘garden grabbing’

A

Building on land in the suburbs that used to be someone’s garden.

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22
Q

Define ‘gated development’

A

A set of homes built with good security in or near the inner city.

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23
Q

Define ‘green belt’

A

The countryside around a town or city (after the rural-urban fringe).

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24
Q

Define ‘greenfield site’

A

A site for new homes that has not been built on before.

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25
Q

Define ‘inner city’

A

The older, central area of a city containing factories and terraced houses.

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26
Q

Define ‘linear/ribbon’

A

When the buildings in a settlement are built in a line- often along a main road.

27
Q

Define ‘pull factor’

A

A factor that would attract people to the countryside.

28
Q

Define ‘push factor’

A

A factor that would make people want to leave a city.

29
Q

Define ‘redevelopment’

A

When buildings are demolished and replaced.

30
Q

Define ‘renewal’

A

When buildings are repaired and renovated.

31
Q

Define ‘rural depopulation’

A

The movement of people from a rural area to a city.

32
Q

Define ‘rural-urban fringe’

A

The edge of a town/city.

33
Q

Define ‘settlement function’

A

The reason (often economic) as to why a settlement was first started.

34
Q

Define ‘settlement site’

A

The aspect, area, site or gradient of a settlement.

35
Q

Define ‘settlement situation’

A

The distance or direction of a settlement from another settlement.

36
Q

Define ‘suburbs’

A

The newer, outer area of a city containing newer, larger homes.

37
Q

Define ‘urban sprawl’

A

When a city expands outwards.

38
Q

Define ‘urbanisation’

A

The movement of people into cities.

39
Q

Name the 7 pull factors for counter-urbanisation.

A 
Nicer place to live
Safer for families 
Have a garden
Quiet roads 
Community spirit 
Houses are cheaper
Better schools
40
Q

Name 4 push factors for counter-urbanisation.

A

Expensive houses
Busier roads
More crime
More pollution

41
Q

Name the 3 pull factors for rural depopulation.

A

Further education opportunities
More work
Things for younger people to do

42
Q

Name the 5 push factors for rural depopulations.

A 
Difficult to get to
Poor transport links
No/little work
No/few services
Schools are very far apart
43
Q

Name 3 positive effects of counter-urbanisation.

A

More customers for local businesses
Local schools have more pupils so can stay open
Derelict farm buildings are turned into buildings

44
Q

Name 3 negative effects of counter-urbanisation.

A

House prices rise
People commute to CBD so more congestion
Conflict between farmers and newcomers
People may not shop in the local areas

45
Q

Name the effects of rural depopulation.

A 
NEGATIVE:
Few young people in the area
Local schools shut
Businesses close
Less money in economy
House prices decrease (bad if selling houses)
POSITIVE:
Less traffic
Less air pollution
House prices decrease (good if buying houses)
46
Q

Name the 7 parts of an urban area - from the inside to the edge- and what is there.

A 
CBD - shops, offices, businesses
Inner city - factories, industry
Terraced houses - houses
Suburbs - Semi-detached houses
Suburbs - detached houses
Rural urban fringe - housing and industry
Green belt - farmland
47
Q

What are the reasons for de-industrialisation?

A 
Traffic congestion
Old buildings
Sites are to small and can't expand
Disease concerns from residents (cattle markets)
Conflict between residents and industry
Difficult to get to the site.
48
Q

What are the POSITIVE effects of de-industrialisation?

A

Possibility of redevelopment
Less pollution
Less traffic and congestion
Cheaper house prices

49
Q

What are the NEGATIVE effects of de-industrialisation?

A

Unemployment
Local shops close as not as many people come to the town centre
Crime is increased in the derelict areas
Derelict buildings look unpleasant

50
Q

Name 3 examples of renewal.

A

Albert Docks, Liverpool
Custard Factory, Birmingham
Marston Mill, Ludlow

51
Q

Name 3 examples of redevelopment.

A

BedZed, London
Eden Project, Cornwall
O2 Arena and Canary Wharf, London

52
Q

What is the difference between ‘site’ and ‘situation’?

A

The settlement site is about a settlement itself whereas a settlement situation compares one settlement to others.

53
Q

Define ‘pull factor’.

A

A reason why you would want to move to a place.

54
Q

Define ‘push factor’.

A

A reason to leave a place.

55
Q

Name one land use model.

A

The Burgess Model

56
Q

How many rings are there in the Burgess Model?

A

5 (anything outside of that is the green belt.

57
Q

Name the 4 reasons why factories are closing in the inner city.

A

Residents don’t like the appearance = dispute
Too much traffic
Can’t expand due to surrounding buildings
Old buildings may not be safe

58
Q

Give an example of an area affected by rural depopulation.

A

Western Isles

59
Q

What is the other word for ‘nucleated’?

A

Clustered

60
Q

What is the other word for ‘dispersed’?

A

Fragmented

61
Q

What is the other word for ‘linear’?

A

Ribbon

62
Q

What is the other word for ‘clustered’?

A

Nucleated

63
Q

What is the other word for ‘fragmented’?

A

Dispersed

64
Q

What is the other word for ‘ribbon’?

A

Linear

Geography GE (6 decks)

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