Settlement Change Flashcards
CASE STUDY:
What percentage of the country’s population is Egypt the home to?
25%
CASE STUDY:
What is Cairo’s population?
16 million (on average)
CASE STUDY:
What is the rate of growth in population in Cairo per year?
500 000
CASE STUDY:
Why is the life in Cairo perceived to be of a better quality than that in the countryside?
It has better education and healthcare.
CASE STUDY:
State two reasons as to why the population is growing in Cairo.
Youngsters are most likely to move there from the countryside (urbanisation) and they are also most likely to have babies -> a rising birth rate so population rises.
Better healthcare in the city so infant mortality rates are lower and the population will continue to rise.
CASE STUDY:
What has the big population caused in respect of housing?
A housing shortage.
CASE STUDY:
What percentage of Cairo’s population are living in shanty homes?
60%
CASE STUDY:
How many people live in the ‘City of the Dead’ (on average) and what do they go without?
1 million
No running water or sanitation.
CASE STUDY:
What percentage have no fresh water?
23%
CASE STUDY:
What percentage have no sanitation?
25%
CASE STUDY:
What percentage of sewage is discharged into the rivers?
15%
CASE STUDY:
How many litres of industrial waste in discharged into the Nile a day? And what does this cause?
2.5 million litres
More water pollution and worse health for the people.
CASE STUDY:
True or false?
‘The noise in Egypt is far above the World Health Organisation’s recommendations, meaning that there is noise pollution there.’
True
CASE STUDY:
What will the workers work for? What does this lead to?
Less money, so there are lots of job opportunities. This means that the economy is rapidly growing.
Define ‘brownfield site’
A site for new homes that has been built on before.
Define ‘central business district (CBD)’
Where most of a town’s business takes place. Usually in the town centre.
Define ‘clustered/ nucleated’
When the buildings in a settlement are all built around one point.
Define ‘counter-urbanisation’
The movement of people out of cities into the
countryside.
Define ‘de-industrialisation’
When industry moves from the inner city to the rural-urban fringe.
Define ‘dispersed/ fragmented’
When the buildings in a settlement are built all over the place- no specific pattern.
Define ‘garden grabbing’
Building on land in the suburbs that used to be someone’s garden.
Define ‘gated development’
A set of homes built with good security in or near the inner city.
Define ‘green belt’
The countryside around a town or city (after the rural-urban fringe).
Define ‘greenfield site’
A site for new homes that has not been built on before.
Define ‘inner city’
The older, central area of a city containing factories and terraced houses.
Define ‘linear/ribbon’
When the buildings in a settlement are built in a line- often along a main road.
Define ‘pull factor’
A factor that would attract people to the countryside.
Define ‘push factor’
A factor that would make people want to leave a city.
Define ‘redevelopment’
When buildings are demolished and replaced.
Define ‘renewal’
When buildings are repaired and renovated.
Define ‘rural depopulation’
The movement of people from a rural area to a city.
Define ‘rural-urban fringe’
The edge of a town/city.
Define ‘settlement function’
The reason (often economic) as to why a settlement was first started.
Define ‘settlement site’
The aspect, area, site or gradient of a settlement.
Define ‘settlement situation’
The distance or direction of a settlement from another settlement.
Define ‘suburbs’
The newer, outer area of a city containing newer, larger homes.
Define ‘urban sprawl’
When a city expands outwards.
Define ‘urbanisation’
The movement of people into cities.
Name the 7 pull factors for counter-urbanisation.
Nicer place to live Safer for families Have a garden Quiet roads Community spirit Houses are cheaper Better schools
Name 4 push factors for counter-urbanisation.
Expensive houses
Busier roads
More crime
More pollution
Name the 3 pull factors for rural depopulation.
Further education opportunities
More work
Things for younger people to do
Name the 5 push factors for rural depopulations.
Difficult to get to Poor transport links No/little work No/few services Schools are very far apart
Name 3 positive effects of counter-urbanisation.
More customers for local businesses
Local schools have more pupils so can stay open
Derelict farm buildings are turned into buildings
Name 3 negative effects of counter-urbanisation.
House prices rise
People commute to CBD so more congestion
Conflict between farmers and newcomers
People may not shop in the local areas
Name the effects of rural depopulation.
NEGATIVE: Few young people in the area Local schools shut Businesses close Less money in economy House prices decrease (bad if selling houses) POSITIVE: Less traffic Less air pollution House prices decrease (good if buying houses)
Name the 7 parts of an urban area - from the inside to the edge- and what is there.
CBD - shops, offices, businesses Inner city - factories, industry Terraced houses - houses Suburbs - Semi-detached houses Suburbs - detached houses Rural urban fringe - housing and industry Green belt - farmland
What are the reasons for de-industrialisation?
Traffic congestion Old buildings Sites are to small and can't expand Disease concerns from residents (cattle markets) Conflict between residents and industry Difficult to get to the site.
What are the POSITIVE effects of de-industrialisation?
Possibility of redevelopment
Less pollution
Less traffic and congestion
Cheaper house prices
What are the NEGATIVE effects of de-industrialisation?
Unemployment
Local shops close as not as many people come to the town centre
Crime is increased in the derelict areas
Derelict buildings look unpleasant
Name 3 examples of renewal.
Albert Docks, Liverpool
Custard Factory, Birmingham
Marston Mill, Ludlow
Name 3 examples of redevelopment.
BedZed, London
Eden Project, Cornwall
O2 Arena and Canary Wharf, London
What is the difference between ‘site’ and ‘situation’?
The settlement site is about a settlement itself whereas a settlement situation compares one settlement to others.
Define ‘pull factor’.
A reason why you would want to move to a place.
Define ‘push factor’.
A reason to leave a place.
Name one land use model.
The Burgess Model
How many rings are there in the Burgess Model?
5 (anything outside of that is the green belt.
Name the 4 reasons why factories are closing in the inner city.
Residents don’t like the appearance = dispute
Too much traffic
Can’t expand due to surrounding buildings
Old buildings may not be safe
Give an example of an area affected by rural depopulation.
Western Isles
What is the other word for ‘nucleated’?
Clustered
What is the other word for ‘dispersed’?
Fragmented
What is the other word for ‘linear’?
Ribbon
What is the other word for ‘clustered’?
Nucleated
What is the other word for ‘fragmented’?
Dispersed
What is the other word for ‘ribbon’?
Linear
