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Geography Grade 8 Term 3&4 > Settlement > Flashcards

Settlement Flashcards

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0
Q

Primary activities….

A

Farming
Fishing
Forestry
Mining

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1
Q

The key difference between urban and rural settlement?

A

The function that they perform

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2
Q

Secondary activities include?

A

Production and manufacturing of goods

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3
Q

Tertiary activity includes?

A 
The service industry
Banks
Restaurants
Shops
Schools ect....
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4
Q

Factors? That could influence

A

Size

As well as number of people living there….

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5
Q

Land use zones

A

CBD
industrial
Residential

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6
Q

CBD=?

A

Central business district

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7
Q

Industrial areas

A

Light industrial areas

Heavy industrial areas

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8
Q

Residential areas

A

High income residential area
Low income
Middle income

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9
Q

About the CBD?

A

Tall buildings - skyscrapers takes up less space and cheaper to build upwards then across
Commercial and geographical heart of city
Most accessible part of city, by national roads and railway lines
Can get everything there
Visible
High land values
Not many people live here
Important commercial and retail zones

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10
Q

About light industry

A

Near CBD
near markets and transport
Produce small and easily transportable goods that rely mostly on skilled labour
Ex….. Clothes, shoes, furniture, consumers, electronics, home appliances, jewelry

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11
Q

About the heavy industry?

A

Situated on outskirts of cities since they need large flat areas which are cheap
Often air and noise pollution
Influenced by the need for transport due to the bulkiness of raw and finished materials
Ex……. Chemical plants, petroleum, power plants, iron and steel

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12
Q

About residential areas?

A

Where people live
Most of the land in a city is used by this zone
Housing increases in land value with the increase of distance from CBD
Different types of residential areas occur in a city due to varying income of people

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13
Q

Low income zone?

A

Hight density-lots of people
Cheap housing - poor infrastructure
Informal settlements - townships
Usually closer to CBD

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14
Q

Middle income zone?

A

Medium size plots, flats and duplexes
Land values are lower
Medium population density
Attract young professionals

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15
Q

High income zones

A

Large story houses and gardens
Good schools and infrastructure
Careful urban planning
Easy access transport routes
Normally on outskirts of city on urban rural fringe(edge)
Often placed on elevated ground with a view ex….. Constantia, camps bay

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16
Q

Peru urban settlements in South Africa

A

Developed in response to rapid rural urban migration
Houses constructed out of corrugated iron, tin, plastic, wood & cardb board….. Makeshift housing
Very few services available ex… Running water & electricity
People are poor
Tend to be situated on outskirts of city

17
Q

Rapid rural migration

A

People leave the rural areas to go to urban areas

18
Q

Urbanisation

A

Development of cities

19
Q

Example of peri urban settlement

A

Settlement in Accra Ghana

20
Q

What percentage of SA population live in rural

A

40% this is a low population density

21
Q

Rural settlements include…

A

Villages
Farmsteads
Hamlets

22
Q

Subsistence farming

A

Grow the food and eat what they grow, no not sell it or make a profit of fit they live off it

23
Q

Small scale farmers

A

Produce a very small surplus to sell but also for themselves

24
Q

Commercial farmers

A

Large scale crop or livestock producers, sell mainly everything

25
Q

Rural settlement homes can be in different patterns

A 
Distributed
Cluster
Circular
Linear
Crossroad shape
26
Q

Clustered settlements

A

Rural areas

A number of families live close together with fields surrounding the collection of houses

27
Q

Circular

A

Rural settlement
Open space surrounded by structures such as homes and barns
They are surrounded by farmland

28
Q

Linear

A

Clusters along a river or road straight in line

29
Q

Disbersed

A

Individual farms isolated from one another

30
Q

Types of rural settlements according to function

A

Rural farming
Mining
Fishing
Forestry

31
Q

Rural farming settlements

A 
Must be fertile soil
Good water access
Characteristics....
Rural on large land plot
Land used to grow crops
Includes a farmhouse, barn or windmill
Natural resources near by
32
Q

Rural mining settlement

A 
Located near mines areas 
Large or small scale
Characteristics....
Availability to transport goods
Mining shaft
Machinery
Equipment
Quarries
 settlements

Small scale mining settlements are normally subsistence since they sell what they find for food

33
Q

Rural forestry settlements

A 
Found near forestry plantations
Characteristics......
A forest office or machinery depot
A water supply system
Parking areas
Residential accommodation 
Rail road
34
Q

Rural fishing areas

A 
Mainly occur along coasts or along lakes
Fishing boats are common 
Characteristics....
Community water supply
Fish processing
Marketing
Commercial and subsistence fishing take place
35
Q

Settlement?

A

A place or area of land where a community is established

36
Q

Temporary settlements

A

Built for people waiting for permenant housing

37
Q

Nomadic settlement

A

Stay for a short time in one place and are always moving places in search for grazing or fish

38
Q

Percent settlement

A

Built of strong material can’t be moved around

39
Q

Urban settlement

A

In main city busy area, industrial transport, political functions ect…

40
Q

Rural settlement

A

Out in country isolated

Geography Grade 8 Term 3&4 (3 decks)

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