Settlement

Question 0

Sphere of influence

Answer 0

This is the area served by a settlement. The sphere of influence of a small village will be very small, but the sphere of influence of a city might be very large- and the sphere of influence of a city might be very large- and the sphere if influence of a capital city is the whole country.

Question 1

Hierarchy of settlements

Answer 1

A settlement is a place where people live. Settlements vary greatly in size- from a single dwelling to cities housing millions of people. A hierarchy puts items in order. A hierarchy of settlement would normally do this in order of population size.

Question 2

RURAL SETTLEMENTS-

Settlement patterns

Answer 2

The settlement pattern is the shape that a settlement forms on the map- and how clustered or scattered it is. Three common rural settlement patterns are:

• nucleated
• dispersed
• linear

Question 3

Sure and situation

Answer 3

The site is the land that the settlement is actually built on. The site's features are very important when establishing the original settlement. They include: 
Altitude 
Gradient of the slope
Water supply
Crossing point of a river 
Natural resources, such as minerals 

The situation means the position of the settlement in relation to the surrounding area. Features of the situation often allow a small settlement to grow into a larger town or city. The features include:
Transport routes
Agricultural productivity of the area
Position in relation to other settlements

Question 4

Urbanisation

Answer 4

Urbanisation is the growth if towns and cities- leading to an increasing percentage of the population living in urban areas. In 1900, there were only two cities with populations of over one million Paris and London.

Question 5

Counter urbanisation

Answer 5

In many MEDC’s e.g. The UK, urbanisation lasted until about 1970. Since then there has been some movement of people back from urban areas to rural areas. This has been called counter urbanisation.

Question 6

URBAN LAND USE-

Central business district (CBD)

Answer 6

• government buildings
• high order retail services, such as department stores in the kiddie of the CBD and highly specialist shops on the outskirts.
• theatres, hotels and restaurants
• old historic buildings