settlement Flashcards
What are the three patterns of settlement?
- Dispersed, linear, and nucleated
-These patterns describe the arrangement of settlements in relation to each other and their environment.
What physical factors influence the sites, growth, and functions of settlements?
-Relief, soil, water supply
-These factors determine the suitability of a location for settlement and its potential for growth.
What other factors influence the sites, growth, and functions of settlements?
-Accessibility, resources
-These factors can greatly affect the development and sustainability of a settlement.
What is meant by the hierarchy of settlements?
-Rank of settlements based on order and services
-High-, middle-, and low-order settlements provide different levels of services to their populations.
What is the sphere of influence?
-Area served by a settlement’s services
-The sphere of influence indicates how far people will travel for services.
What is the threshold population?
-Minimum population needed to support a service
-This concept is crucial for understanding the viability of services in a settlement.
What are the main land use zones in urban areas?
-Central Business District (CBD), residential areas, industrial areas, rural-urban fringe
-These zones reflect the organization of urban land and its various functions.
What are the effects of rapid urban growth on land use?
-Urban sprawl, changes in land use
-Rapid growth can lead to the expansion of urban areas into surrounding regions, affecting land use.
What problems do urban areas face?
-Air, noise, water, visual pollution, inequality, housing issues, traffic congestion
-These issues stem from rapid urbanization and require targeted solutions.
What are some potential solutions to urban problems?
-Improved infrastructure, sustainable planning, public transportation
-Solutions vary depending on the specific urban issue being addressed.
Identify one impact of urban growth on rural areas.
-Rural depopulation
-As people move to cities, rural areas may experience a decline in population and resources.
What are squatter settlements?
-Informal housing areas typically lacking basic services
-These settlements often arise in rapidly urbanizing regions, particularly in developing countries.
What characteristics define a rapidly growing urban area in a developing country?
-High population growth, informal housing, inadequate infrastructure
-These areas often struggle with the challenges of urbanization due to limited resources.
What are some strategies to reduce the negative impacts of urbanization?
-Sustainable urban planning, investment in public services, community engagement
-Effective strategies can mitigate the adverse effects of rapid urban growth.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the area served by a settlement’s services.
sphere of influence
True or False: The threshold population is the maximum population needed to support a service.
False
The threshold population refers to the minimum required, not the maximum.
what are high order settlements
settlements usually towns or cities which provide goods and services that are bought infrequently and that are expensive so people ate willing to travel a way to by or use them
what is a site?
the physical characteristics of the area
settlement
any form of permanent place of residence
what is a situation
the situation of a settlement describes the location of the settlement in relation to other neighbouring settlements and transport routes
nucleated settlements
made up of a cluster of building usually around a central point
e.g a bridge over a river
linear settlement
long and thin, developed along a road or river valley or in an area where flat land is limited
dispersed settlement
farms, isolated buildings that are scattered across the countryside and surrounded by farmland
what is conurbation
extended urban area typically consisting of several towns merging with the suburbs of one or more cities
rural urban fringe
where tervuren area meets the rural countryside at the edge of a town or city
bid rent curve
a chart explaining land costs getting cheaper as you move away from the CBD
gentrification
process of converting and urban neighbourhood from a predominantly low income renter occupied to a predominantly middle call owner occupied area
counter urbanisation
when large number of people move from urban area into surrounding countryside’s or rural areas
self help scheme
small scale schemes which allow residents to help improve their local area
self helps schemes
this so where the government provide building materials and the local residents provide the labour to build the house
site and service schematic
•local gov provides land and built new roads with electricity and water connections
• local residents are given or sold plot on land that they can build their houses on
• Some site and service schemes will have the build housing sold to poor low income families
Rural de population
rural depopulation is usually when numbers of working each people migrate from the countryside to earn more money in the city. They leave behind the old and young.
Micro finance
provision of small loans and other financial services to individuals and small businesses and developing countries
