Settlement Flashcards
Settlement Site
This describes the land a settlement was built on. In early times such as the
iron age the first settlers had the following basic needs to consider when
choosing a site.
1. A water supply for drinking
2. Food
3. Shelter
4. Fuel for fire
5. Defence from attackers.
Settlement hierarchy
This is the idea that we can list different types of settlement in order
from least important to most important according to their population
Services
These are things in each settlement which people can make use of. Larger settlements with greater populations usually have more services.
Settlement Population Services Found
Single building 1-10 Gas, Electricity, Phone
Hamlet 11 - 50 Post Office, Phone box.
Village 50 - 5000 Primary School, Newsagents, Village
Hall, Pub, Bus Stop.
Town 5000-50000 High School , Supermarket, Train
Station, Restaurants, Police Station.
City 50000+ Airport, Hospitals, Univers
Settlement Situation.
This describes the LOCATION of a settlement within a country.
Settlements which grow into towns and cities have a good location for
Trade and Business
The growth of Glasgow
Glasgow has grown into a large city for the following reasons:
1. Beside the river Clyde for exporting goods to be sold overseas
(especially America)
2. In a central location in the middle of Scotland where many routes
meet. This attracted many people to trade goods.
3. The river Clyde also was an ideal location for the shipbuilding
industry.
4. There were supplies of coal and Iron around Glasgow for use in the
old factories
The layout of a city
Although every city is different, most cities have a similar layout with the
following LAND USE ZONES.
1. CBD: Central Business District- The city centre which has many shops and
offices.
2. Inner City: The zone of old housing (mainly tenements) and factories
much of which has been redeveloped in recent years.
3. Suburbs: The zone of more modern housing near the edge of the city.
(mainly high quality detached and semi detached with gardens)
4. Green Belt: A ring of countryside around the city which you are not
aloud to build on. This is to stop the city growing too big and destroying
the countryside.
You must learn the circular diagram below showing these zones
Zone 2: The Inner City.
Many buildings in this area were built in Victorian times (late 1800’s).
These were mainly old tenement flats and old factories such as ship
yards. In recent years many of the old industries have closed and the
tenements have become run down. These problems are called URBAN
DECAY.
The government has tried to improve these run-down areas by
- renovating the old flats.
- Building new high-quality flats.
- Replacing the old factories with new businesses like Hotels Museums
and Cinemas.
Out of Town Shopping
The main shopping area in the city is usually the CBD.
However recently in Glasgow various new Out of Town shopping centres have
been built nearer the edge of the city eg. Silverburn, The Fort.
These have various advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages
- Plenty of Cheap land to build on.
- More spacious comfortable shops.
- More space for free parking
- Many new jobs created.
- Easy access for cars
Disadvantages
- Difficult for people with no cars to get there
- Countryside on the edge of the city gets destroyed.
- The CBD loses business and gets run down.
Traffic congestion in Glasgow’s CBD
Causes:
- Old Narrow roads
- Most traffic on road at same time during rush hours.
- Bottleneck effect: all cars going to same place at same time.
- Growth in car ownership. (more people with cars)
Problems due to congestion
- Pollution
- Global warming
- Longer journey times
- Costly for businesses
Solutions to congestion
1. Build new roads eg M74 Extension
2. Improve public transport
- New bus stops and buses
- Modernisation of Queen Street Station
- New bus Lanes / bus only streets
- New interchange at Partick
- Park and Ride schemes eg Kelvinbridge subway. 3. Increase parking charges.
Improve roads with one way systems
