set f Flashcards
Dicarboxylic acids react with diamines to produce
a. polyesters
b. polyamides
c. acrylonitrile
d. addition polymers
e. styrenes
polyamides
Ethers can react with which of the following?
a. With acid and another alcohol to give transetherification- another ether and a different alcohol from the starting one.
b. With base and water to give two alcohols
c. With a carboxylic acid and heat to give an ester and alcohol.
d. With ethyl bromide to give an ethyl ether and a new alkyl bromide.
With acid and another alcohol to give transetherification- another ether and a different alcohol from the starting one
Reformulated gasolines
a. eliminate pollution caused by lead in other gasoline formulations.
b. contain oxygenated compounds.
c. contain aromatic compounds than other gasoline formulations.
d. have both properties a and b above.
e. have both properties a and c above.
contain oxygenated compounds.
Consider 6-Aminopenicillanic acid was used to produce semi-synthetic penicillin by enzymatic hydrolysis of fermentation-derived penicillin G (Benzylpenicillin). The starting concentration of penicillin G is 10% (w/v), and 99% conversion is required. Enzymatic conversion of penicillin G can be considered a first-order reaction. The downtime between batch reactors is expected to be 20 h. For the batch and CSTR reactors, the reaction rate constant is 0.8 E-04 /s; in the PFTR, the packing density of enzymatic beads can be up to four times greater than in other reactors. Determine the PFTR reactor volume required to treat 400 tons of penicillin G per year.
a. 33 m3
b 157 m3
c. 16.5 m3
d. 1.83 m3
e. 3.66 m3
1.83 m3
Consider the equilibrium system
C (s) + CO2 (g) <—> 2CO (g)
If C is removed, the equilibrium will _____, and if CO is added, the equilibrium will _____.
a. shift to the right; shift to the right
b. be unchanged; shift to the left
c. shift to the left; shift to the left
d. shift to the right; shift to the left
e. be unchanged; shift to the right
be unchanged; shift to the left
Which statement about energy is false?
a. The chemical energy of foods and fuels is a type of potential energy.
b. Thermodynamics is the science of working and heating processes.
c. Chemical reactions are processes that transfer energy.
d. The thermal energy of nanoscale objects is a type of potential energy.
e. Working and heating are processes that transfer energy.
The thermal energy of nanoscale objects is a type of potential energy.
Consider the endothermic reactions
C (s) + CO2 (g) <—> 2CO (g)
If such a system at equilibrium is heated, equilibrium will _____, because _____.
a. shift to the right; increased temperature favors an endothermic reaction
b. shift to the right; increased temperature favors an exothermic reaction
c. shift to the left; increased temperature favors an endothermic reaction
d. shift to the left; increased temperature favors an exothermic reaction
e. be unchanged; temperature has no effect on equilibrium
shift to the right; increased temperature favors an endothermic reaction
Which molecule can form a hydrogen bond?
a. hydrogen fluoride
b. methane
c. sodium hydroxide
d. hydrogen sulfide
hydrogen fluoride
According to band theory, a semiconductor is a material which has a(an) _____ valence band, a(an) _____ conduction band, and _____ between them.
a. partially filled; empty; no gap
b. partially filled; empty; a narrow gap
c. empty; partially filled; a narrow gap
d. partially filled; partially filled; a wide gap
e. completely filled; completely filled; a wide gap
b. partially filled; empty; a narrow gap
Carbon dioxide is always composed of three parts by weight of carbon and eight parts by weight of oxygen. This is an example of:
a. Dalton’s Atomic Theory
b. The Law of Multiple Proportion
c. The Law of Conversation of Mass
d. The Law of Constant Composition
e. The Law of Conservation of Energy
d. The Law of Constant Composition
How many electrons can the third principle quantum level hold?
a. 32
b. 16
c. 2
d. 18
e. 8
18
According to the band theory, an insulator is a material which has a(an) _____ valence band, a(an) _____ conduction band, and a _____ gap between them.
a. empty; partially filled; narrow
b. completely filled; completely filled; wide
c. partially filled; partially filled; wide
d. partially filled; empty; narrow
e. partially filled; empty; wide
e. partially filled; empty; wide
Which of the following is usually assumed to be reversible?
a. paddle wheel
b. melting an ice cube
c. a burst membrane
d. compressing a gas
compressing a gas
Assuming two samples of radioisotopes both contain the same number of atoms, the activity of the shorter-half-life isotope would be initially _____ and decay _____.
a. lower; more quickly
b. higher; more quickly
c. higher; more slowly
d. the same; more slowly
e. lower; more slowly
potential answer (but not sure): higher; more quickly
Polymer chains in high density polyethylene are _____ in low density polyethylene they are _____.
a. branched; cross-linked
b. unbranched; branched
c. unbranched; cross-linked
d. branched; unbranched
e. cross-linked; branched
unbrached; branched
A weak acid is 5% ionized at equilibrium. Therefore we can say that the ionization reaction is _____-favored, because _____.
a. product; the amount of products»_space; the amount of reactants
b. reactant; the amount of products «_space;the amount of reactants
c. reactant; the amount of products»_space; the amount of reactants
d. product; the amount of products «_space;the amount of reactants
b. reactant; the amount of products «_space;the amount of reactants
How are the pressure and the absolute temperature of a gas related for a given number of moles at constant volume?
a. They are directly proportional
b. They are exactly opposites
c. They are indirectly proportional
d. They are not related
e. Not enough information given to determine
They are directly proportional
Compression of a gas is defined as
a. reactant-favored, since energy in the compressed gas is less dispersed.
b. product-favored, since energy in the compressed gas is less dispersed.
c. reactant-favored, since matter in the compressed gas is more dispersed.
d. product-favored, since energy in the compressed gas is more dispersed.
e. reactant-favored. since energy in the compressed gas is more dispersed.
reactant-favored, since energy in the compressed gas is less dispersed.
A fuel cell is
a. currently both technically feasible and commercially viable as a source of electrical power.
b. an electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy directly into electricity.
c. a cell in which a hydrogen-oxygen is ignited to produced electricity.
d. an electrolytic cell that is used to supply electrical power.
e. typically not susceptible to contamination.
an electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy directly into electricity.
A polymer that returns to its original size and shape after being stretched is said to be
a. copolymerized
b. elastomeric
c. vulcanized
d. rubberized
e. polyesterified
elastomeric
Consider an electrochemical cell as shown, with Zn in ZnCl2 (aq) and Cu in Cu(NO3)2 (aq), and a salt bridge containing KNO3 (aq). The overall chemical reaction is Zn (s) + Cu2+ (aq) —> Zn2+ (aq) + Cu (s).
Zn = = = o = = = Cu
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ZnSO4 | CuSO4
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Salt bridge
Which statement is correct?
a. One mole of electrons is transferred in this reaction.
b. This is an example of a concentration cell.
c. Zinc is reduced at the cathode.
d. Electrons travel from the Zn to the Cu.
e. Copper is oxidized at the anode.
Electrons travel from the Zn to the Cu.
Bronze is an alloy of which two metals?
a. copper and silver
b. copper and zinc
c. copper and tin
d. iron and tin
e. iron and zinc
copper and tin
A statement that includes a measurement or number is a:
a. quantitative statement
b. hypothesis
c. law
d. qualitative statement
e. model
quantitative statement
What type of bonding occurs between two consecutive nucleotides in RNA?
a. ester
b. ionic
c. covalent
d. amide
e. hydrogen
ester (phosphodiester bond)
A peptide linkage forms when the _____ group of one amino acids react with the carboxylate group of another amino acid in a(an) _____ reaction.
a. alcohol; esterification
b. carboxylate; condensation
c. amino; condensation
d. amino; hydrolysis
e. carboxylate; hydrolysis
potential answer: amino; condensation
d is wrong
Assume all hydrocarbons given are linear. Which compound will not contain a multiple bond?
a. C2H4
b. C8H16
c. C9H16
d. C6H14
e. C3H4
C6H14
An acidic solution is diluted until [H3O+] is exactly half as much as before. The pH of the solution is now _____ than before.
a. 0.30 higher
b. 0.69 higher
c. 0.30 lower
d. 2.00 lower
e. 2.00 higher
0.30 higher
For a chemist, understanding a chemical reaction means:
a. knowing what makes up a reacting atom.
b. knowing what atoms make up a reacting molecule.
c. knowing how atoms in a reacting molecule are connected together.
d. having a mental picture of how reacting molecules interact with each other.
e. both a and b.
d. having a mental picture of how reacting molecules interact with each other.
Drain cleaners cause grease to dissolve by a(an) _____ reaction.
a. neutralization
b. combustion
c. esterification
d. hydrogenation
e. saponification
saponification
For the reaction
ethanol + acetic acid <—> ethyl acetate
Kc = 0.95. A mixture of the three substances contains 0.45 M ethanol, 0.45 M acetic acid and 1.1 M ethyl acetate. Which statement is true?
a. Q < K, so the system will react to the left
b. The mixture is at equilibrium
c. Q > K, so the system will react left to right
d. Q > K, so the system will react right to left
e. Q < K, so the system will react left to right
d. Q > K, so the system will react right to left
At constant T and P, in which of the following situations will the reaction be product-favored at high temperature but not oat low-temperature?
a. H > 0 and S < 0
b. H < 0 and S < 0
c. H < 0 and S > 0
d. H > 0 and S > 0
e. none of the choices
d. H > 0 and S > 0
Which of the following second-law treatments is wrong?
a. Heat must be rejected from a heat engine.
b. Work must be input if energy is transferred from a hot body to a cold body.
c. The entropy of an isolated process must remain constant or increase.
d. The entropy of a hot copper block decreases as it cools.
no answer yet; d is wrong
All of the following statements are correct EXCEPT
a. only H-1 and He-3 have more protons than neutrons.
b. beyond Ca the neutron to proton ratio in stable nuclei is greater than one.
c. isotopes with a low neutron to proton ratio always decay by alpha emission.
d. from He to Ca, stable nuclei have roughly equal numbers of protons as neutrons.
e. elements with an even atomic number have a greater number of stable isotopes than elements with an odd atomic number.
c. isotopes with a low neutron to proton ratio always decay by alpha emission.
Which of the following statements about work for a quasi-equilibrium process is wrong?
a. Work is energy crossing a boundary.
b. The differential of work is incorrect.
c. Work is a path function.
d. Work is the area under a curve on the P-T diagram.
Work is the area under a curve on the P-T diagram
Which of the following is NOT a state function?
a. work
b. internal energy
c. pressure
d. volume
work
