Set 1 Questions Flashcards
Hyperacute transplant rejection
Type II Hypersensitivity
Pre-existing antibodies react to donor antigen
Occurs mins following transplant
Acute transplant rejection
Type IV Hypersensitivity (T-cell mediated) - activate against donor MHCs
(Note: antibodies develop AFTER transplant)
Occurs weeks to months following transplant
Chronic transplant rejection
Mix of Type II and IV Hypersensitivies
Occurs months to years following transplant
Usually secondary to vascular injury
MOA of Vancomycin
Inhibits cell wall formation by binding D-ala-D-ala portion of cell wall precursors
What infections is vancomycin effective against?
ONLY GRAM POSITIVE ORGANISMS!!!
How do bacteria form resistance to Vancomycin?
Modify AA of D-ala-Dala to D-ala-D-lac
What is the treatment for digoxin toxin?
Anti- dig Fab Fragments
MOA of typical antipsychotics?
Block dopamine D2 receptors
-only addresses positive symptoms in schizophrenia
Do atypical antipsychotics treat positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
YES!
What are positive symptoms in schizophrenia?
Delusions
Halluncinations
Disorganzied speech
Disorganized behavior
What are negative symptoms in schizophrenia?
“Flat affect”
Social withdrawl
Lack of motivation, speech or thought
What happens to the maintenance dose and loading does in hepatorenal failure?
Maintenance dose decreases
Loading dose stays the same
What are the K+ sparing diuretics? MOA? SE?
Spironolactone
Eplerenone
-competitive aldosterone antagonists
Triamterene
Amiloride
-Directly block ENac Channels
SE for all = hyperkalemia/ cardiac arrhythmias
Nitro for acute MI to vasodialate… preference for veins or arteries?
Veins!!!
Hydralazine for acute treatment of severe hypertension… MOA?
Increases cGMP causes smooth muscle relaxation
Arteries > veins
Decreases afterload
