set 1 Flashcards
1
Q
1625 Parliament
A
- Charles needed £1 million for foreign policy
- Granted 2 subsidies -£140 000
- Granted Tonnage and Poundage for a year (attack on Buckingham)
- Parliament attacked Richard Montague and Buckingham
- Charles dissolved Parliament
2
Q
Richard Montague
A
- Arminian
- 1624 – New Gag for an Old Goose
- 1625 – Appello Caesarem
- Charles appointed him Royal Chaplain -1625
3
Q
York House Conference
A
- 1626
- Earl of Warwick’s idea to persuade Charles away from Arminianism
- Chaired by Buckingham who showed support for Arminianism
- Charles did not attend
- Showed Charles’s commitment to Arminianism
4
Q
Foreign Policy Disasters 1626
A
- Troops raised by force for Mansfield no training. 4000 out of 6000 died from starvation and disease
- Failure to take Cadiz –incident at wine store
- Failure to seize Spanish gold ships
5
Q
1626 Parliament
A
- Critics prevented from attending – Coke and Wentworth
- Laud preached opening sermon
- Charles tried to appease Hof C – punishment of recusants
- Parliament blamed Buckingham for Foreign policy, Charles blamed lack of finance from Parliament
- MPs began impeachment against Buckingham- key figures Eliot and Bristol
- Charles dissolved Parliament
6
Q
The Forced Loan
A
- 1626
- Public collection
- Opposition – “To all English Freeholders from a well wisher of theirs”, Thomas Scot MP called Buckingham Agag, Chief Justice Carew dismissed, Archbishop of Canterbury Abbott suspended for not licensing sermon supporting Forced Loan
- Richard Cust argues collection of Forced Loan led to mistrust for Charles which remained
7
Q
The Five Knights Case
A
- 1627
- Imprisoned for refusal to pay Forced Loan
- Use of Habeas Corpus
- Trial led to confirmation of Charles’s right to imprison without trial those not paying
8
Q
Foreign Policy Failures 1627
A
- Buckingham attempted to relieve Huguenots at La Rochelle
- Led to war with France
- 7833 soldiers landed on island of Rhe, 2989 survived
9
Q
1628-9 Parliament
(First session 1628)
A
- Compromise tried e.g. use of Coke
- 5 subsidies granted if grievances addressed – tonnage and poundage, billeting and Martial law, imprisonment without trial (Charles used judgement to claim general right to imprison)
- Led to Petition of Right
- Attacks on Buckingham, foreign and religious policy
- 2 Remonstrances
- Charles suspended Parliament June 1628
10
Q
Petition of Right
A
- Extreme MPs e.g. Seldon and Eliot wanted a Bill of Rights, Parliament supported a Petition of Right
- Drafted largely by Coke
- Parliament had to consent to tax, imprisonment could only be used if just cause was shown, billeting and martial law was illegal
- Charles accepted on 7 June 1628 – feared further attacks on Buckingham and needed Parliamentary tax
- But did not specify e.g. T & P or Arminianism – Charles continued
- The printing of it raised doubts about Charles’ trustworthiness
11
Q
2 Remonstrances
A
- 17th June 1628
- Buckingham’s foreign policy attacked
- 2nd issued as Charles continued to collect Tonnage and Poundage
12
Q
Assassination of Buckingham
A
- 23rd August 1628
- John Felton
- Public celebrations
- Charles blamed Parliament for how Buckingham was portrayed
- Charles became closer to Henrietta Maria
13
Q
1628-9 Parliament
(Second session 1629)
A
- Issue of Charles’ ‘dishonesty’ and need for written constitution
- Charles refused to compromise – gave radical MPs e.g. Eliot and Seldon more support
- Three Resolutions
- 4th March – Charles dissolved Parliament
14
Q
Three Resolutions
A
- 2nd March 1629
- Speaker held down by Holles and Valentine
- Tonnage and Poundage and Arminianism attacked
- Parliament dissolved
- Charles responded in his Declaration
- Eliot and Valentine imprisoned. Eliot died in the Tower
15
Q
Buckingham
A
- Favourite of James I and Charles I
- Blamed for foreign policy disasters
- Increased divisions between King and Parliament
- Assassinated by ex-soldier John Felton in 1628
