Session 8 Flashcards
How can infections be communicated?
Environmentally, via food/water, via animals, person-to-person directly, person-to-person indirectly via vectors.
Define endemic disease.
The normal background rate of infection.
Define a disease outbreak.
Two or more cases of a disease linked in a time and place.
Define a disease epidemic.
A rate of infection of a disease greater than the usual background rate.
Define a disease pandemic.
A very high rate of infection of a disease spreading across many regions, countries or continents.
Define the basic reproduction number of a disease.
The average number of cases one case will generate over the course of its infectious period in an otherwise healthy, non-immune population.
Why might an outbreak, epidemic or pandemic be caused?
A new pathogen is introduced, new hosts or a new practice adopted.
What determines transmissibility of an infection?
Infectious dose.
Define multi-drug resistance.
Non-susceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial classes.
Define extensively drug resistant.
Non-susceptibility to at least one agent in all but two or fewer antimicrobial classes.
Define pan-drug resistance.
Non-susceptibility to all agents in all antimicrobial classes.
