Session 7 - Health Promotion

Question 1

Define Health

Answer 1

“Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and
not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”

Question 2

Define health promotion

Answer 2

“Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control
over, and to improve, their health. It moves beyond a focus on individual
behaviour towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions”

Question 3

Describe aspects of health promotion ? DOUBLE CHECK

Answer 3

• Comprehensive approach to promoting health by involving various players and focusing on multisectoral approaches
• Responds to developments which have a direct or indirect bearing on health such as inequities, changes in the patterns of consumption, environments, cultural beliefs, etc.

CHECK DISCUSSION BOARD

Question 4

Recognise how society influences and determines the behaviour of individuals and groups and apply this to the care of patients

Question 5

Distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of disease, and be able to
give examples

Answer 5

• Primary prevention - prevent the onset of illness, by reducing exposure to risk factors eg. vaccination, prevention of contact with environmental risk factors e.g asbestos, taking precautions to communicable diseases and reducing risk factors health related behaviours, e.g. smoking
• Secondary prevention - Aims to detect and treat disease at an early stage to prevent progression or potential future complications detecting and treating pre-symptomatic disease
  eg. screening for cervical cancer, treating and monitoring blood pressure
• Tertiary prevention - Aims to minimise effects/prevent complications of an already established diseases, and maximise remaining capabilities of a patient eg. steroids for asthma, transplants, medications

Question 6

Explain the concept of self-management and patient activation, and the role of clinicians in
empowering people to achieve the best health possible, including promoting lifestyle changes such as smoking cessation, avoiding substance misuse and maintaining a healthy weight through physical activity and diet

Question 7

Discuss multidisciplinary approaches to health promotion and methods of communicating including Making Every Contact count and motivational counselling

Question 8

Discuss how to evaluate health promotion and the political, ethical and cultural dilemmas that may arise