Session 7 Bone, Bone Marrow, Vessels And Blood

Question 1

Describe the characteristics features and functions of the different types of bone in the body

Answer 1

Long bones: tubular shaft, articular surfaces at each end.
Support weight and facilitate movement.

Short bones: tubular center, articular surfaces at each end. Much smaller. Cube-shaped.

Flat bones: thin and have broad surfaces.
Protect internal organs

Irregular bones: irregular in size and shape and are usually quite compact.
Sesamoid bones reinforce tendons.

Question 2

Describe the constituents of bone marrow and how they differ from cells in blood in structure and function.

Answer 2

Bone marrow is composed of hematopoietic cells,marrow adipose tissue, and supportive stromal cells.
All types of hematopoietic cells, including myeloid and lymphoid lineages, are created in bone marrow.
Cells in blood contain two types, erythrocytes and leukocytes. Leukocytes contain polymorphonuclear granulocytes and mononuclear granulocytes.

Question 3

Describe the structure and function of blood vessels from the largest arteries and veins to the end arterioles and venules.

Answer 3

Arteries and veins: blood circulation, blood type, thickness, position, valves, lumen, walls, pulse, pressure, types, injury to vessel.

Arterioles and venules:

Question 4

Explain the functional significance of the blood vessels including communicating vessels

Answer 4

Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels. Virtually all the exchanges that occur between the tissue of the body and blood occur in the capillary beds and they have a range of permeability profiles, depending on where they are in the body.

Question 5

Name the major blood vessels of the body and determine whether they contain oxygenated or deoxygenated blood or a mixture of both.

Answer 5

See the graph.