Session 4 - Cranial Nerves (1)

Question 1

Cranial Nerves Topography

Answer 1

(2), 2, 4, 4

Question 2

1 - Olfactory

Answer 2

Anosmia

Common cold, head/facial injury ,anterior cranial fossa tumour, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Disease

Question 3

2 - Optic

Answer 3

Pupillary size and light response
Visual acuity and fields
Optic neuritis, papilloedema (ophthalmoscopy)

Question 4

Pituitary tumours can cause…

Answer 4

Bitemporal hemianopia

Optic chiasm compression

Question 5

3 - Oculomotor
Target Tissues:
Clinical Sign

Causes:

Answer 5

Motor and parasympathetic

• Levator palpebrae superioris/extra ocular muscles
• Sphincter pupillae (parasymp. fibres) - pupil size

‘Down and Out’
Ptosis

Microvascular ischaemia (pupil sparing, vasa nervosum)
PCA aneurysm and tentorial herniation (secondary to increased ICP)

Question 6

4 - Trochlear
Muscle innervation
Presentation

Answer 6

Superior Oblique (LO6,SO4)
Upwards and inwards (compensatory head tilt)

Question 7

6 - Abducens
Muscle innervation
Location of pressure points

Answer 7

Lateral Rectus (LO6, SO4)
Pons-medullary junction (Clivus), Cavernous Sinus and SOF