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Session 3.1 Anatomy Of TheHip Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 bones is the hip bone made up of ?

A

1) ilium
2) pubis
3) ischium

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2
Q

in a child , what are these three bones ( ILium pubis and ischium) separated by ?

A

Triradiate cartilage

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3
Q

When is fusion of the three bones that make up the hip bone complete ?

A

20-25 year old.

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4
Q

What are the three main articulations in hip joints ?

A

1) pubic symphysis
2) hip joint
3) sacroiliac joint

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5
Q

What is the sacroiliac joint ?

A

An articulation between the sacrum and the ilium bones.

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6
Q

What is the pubic symphysis?

A

An articulation between the left and right hip bone

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7
Q

What is the hip joint ?

A

An articulation between the hip. Bones and the head of the femur

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8
Q

What part of the hip bone is the largest and widest part ? And is located superiorly

A

Ilium

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9
Q

What is the shape of the internal surface of the ilium ?

A

Concave shape - which produces the iliac fossa which is the origin of the iliacus muscle

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10
Q

What is the shape of the external surface of the ilium ?

A

Convex shape and provides attachment to the gluteal muscles.

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11
Q

What is the superior margin of the ilium called ?

A

Iliac crest

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12
Q

What is the most anterior portion of the hip bone ?

A

The pubis.

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13
Q

What does the pubis consist of ?

A

1) a body
2) A superior ramus
3) An inferior ramus

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14
Q

Where would you find the superior pubic ramus ?

A

This extends laterally from the pubic body to the acetabulum.

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15
Q

Where would you find the inferior pubic ramus ?

A

This extends laterally for, the pubic body join with the inferior inferior ischial ramus to form the ischipubic ramus.

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16
Q

What does the obturator foramen allow through ?

A

The obturator nerve , artery and the vein which reach the lower limb.

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17
Q

What does the posteroinferior aspect of the ischium form ?

A

The ischial tuberosity.

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18
Q

When you are sitting upright in a chair , what are you sitting on ?

A

Ischial tuberosity.

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19
Q

When does fusion of the 3 bones ( ilium , ishicum and pubis) begin ?

A

15-17 years old,

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20
Q

What helps to strengthen the ball and socket joint of the hip ?

A

1) ACETABULAR LABRUM : which is a rim that attaches to the acetabulum. This is a fibrocartilagnous rim. This increases articular contact area by 10% so more than 50% of the femur fits into the acetabulum.
2) JOINT CAPSULE : capsular fibres take a spiral course. During extension , the capsule helps to pull the femur into the acetabulum. This is strengthened by three ligaments that also form part of the capsule.

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21
Q

What type of joint is the hip joint ?

A

Synovial joint therefore really mobile

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22
Q

What forms the hip joint ?

A

The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum

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23
Q

What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?

A

Hyaline cartilage

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24
Q

What is the acetabular notch ?

A

A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.

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25
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
26
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
27
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
28
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
29
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
30
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
31
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
32
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
33
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
34
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
35
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
36
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
37
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
38
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
39
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
40
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
41
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
42
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
43
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
44
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
45
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
46
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
47
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
48
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
49
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
50
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
51
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
52
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
53
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
54
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
55
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
56
What is the main blood supply to the femoral head ?
Deep femoral artery which branches off into medial circumflex and lateral circumflex artery.
57
Why is an intracapsular femoral neck fracture very harmful ?
This can tear retinacular arteries which can result in avascular necrosis of the femoral head
58
What can cause the superior gluteal nerve damage ?
Hip surgery , injections to button , fracture of greater trochanter, dislocation of hip joint.
59
What can damage to the superior gluteal nerve result in ?
Weakened abduction of lower limb , abrnomal stance phase of gait cycle ,
60
What can you do to try and diagnose a patient who may have had their superior gluteal nerve damaged
- ask patient to fixate one of their legs , if their leg is damaged , their GOOD leg would ‘say’. - which would indicate that their other leg would be the one with the damaged superior gluteal nerve. THIS IS CALLED THE TRENDELENBURG SIGN .
61
How would you administer intramuscular injections in the gluteal region?
- it is essential to avoid injury to the sciatic nerve region 1) DORSOGLUTEAL SITE : used in children between the ages of 3-7 years. ( upper outer quadrant - usually gluteus maximus) 2) VENTROGLUTEAL SITE : place the palm of your hand over the greater trochanter of the femur. Point your thumb towards the inguinal region and your index finger towards the anterior superior iliac crest. Spread your index and middle fingers to make a V and carefully inject between the joints of your fingers into the gluteas medius muscle.
62
How can you tell whether the femur is the posterior or anterior face ?
- because the posterior face of the femur has the line of aspera down the mid line of the femoral shaft. Also , they have an intertrochanteric crest , whereas the anterior surface has an intertrochanteric line.
63
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
64
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
65
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
66
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
67
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
68
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
69
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
70
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
71
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
72
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
73
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
74
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
75
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
76
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
77
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
78
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
79
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
80
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
81
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
82
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
83
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
84
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
85
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
86
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
87
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
88
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
89
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
90
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
91
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
92
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
93
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
94
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
95
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
96
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
97
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
98
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
99
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
100
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
101
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
102
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
103
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
104
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
105
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
106
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
107
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
108
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
109
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
110
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
111
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
112
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
113
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
114
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
115
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
116
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
117
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
118
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
119
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
120
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
121
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
122
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
123
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
124
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
125
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
126
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
127
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
128
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
129
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
130
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
131
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
132
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
133
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
134
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
135
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
136
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
137
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
138
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
139
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
140
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
141
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
142
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
143
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
144
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
145
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
146
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
147
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
148
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
149
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
150
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
151
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
152
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
153
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
154
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
155
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
156
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
157
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
158
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
159
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
160
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
161
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
162
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
163
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
164
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
165
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
166
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
167
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
168
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
169
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
170
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
171
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
172
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
173
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
174
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
175
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
176
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
177
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
178
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
179
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
180
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
181
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
182
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
183
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
184
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
185
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
186
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
187
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
188
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
189
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
190
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
191
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
192
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
193
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
194
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
195
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
196
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
197
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
198
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
199
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
200
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
201
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
202
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
203
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
204
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
205
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
206
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
207
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
208
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
209
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
210
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
211
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
212
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
213
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
214
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
215
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
216
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
217
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
218
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
219
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
220
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
221
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
222
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
223
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
224
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
225
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
226
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
227
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
228
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
229
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
230
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
231
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
232
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
233
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
234
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
235
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
236
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
237
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
238
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
239
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
240
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
241
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
242
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
243
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
244
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
245
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
246
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
247
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
248
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
249
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
250
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
251
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
252
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
253
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
254
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
255
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
256
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
257
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
258
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
259
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
260
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
261
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
262
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
263
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
264
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
265
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
266
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
267
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
268
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
269
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
270
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
271
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
272
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
273
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
274
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
275
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
276
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
277
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
278
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
279
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
280
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
281
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
282
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
283
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
284
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
285
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
286
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
287
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
288
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
289
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
290
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
291
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
292
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
293
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
294
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
295
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
296
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
297
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
298
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
299
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
300
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
301
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
302
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
303
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
304
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
305
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
306
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
307
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
308
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
309
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
310
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
311
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
312
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
313
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
314
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
315
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
316
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
317
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
318
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
319
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
320
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
321
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
322
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
323
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
324
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
325
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
326
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
327
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
328
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
329
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
330
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
331
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
332
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
333
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
334
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
335
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
336
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
337
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
338
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
339
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
340
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
341
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
342
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
343
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
344
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
345
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
346
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
347
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
348
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
349
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
350
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
351
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
352
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
353
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
354
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
355
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
356
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
357
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
358
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
359
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
360
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
361
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
362
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
363
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
364
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
365
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
366
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
367
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
368
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
369
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
370
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
371
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
372
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
373
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
374
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
375
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
376
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
377
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
378
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
379
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
380
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
381
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
382
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
383
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
384
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
385
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
386
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
387
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
388
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
389
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
390
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
391
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
392
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
393
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
394
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
395
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
396
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
397
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
398
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
399
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
400
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
401
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
402
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
403
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
404
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
405
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
406
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
407
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
408
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
409
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
410
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
411
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
412
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
413
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
414
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
415
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
416
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
417
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
418
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
419
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
420
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
421
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
422
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
423
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
424
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
425
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
426
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
427
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
428
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
429
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
430
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
431
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
432
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
433
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
434
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
435
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
436
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
437
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
438
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
439
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
440
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
441
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
442
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
443
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
444
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
445
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
446
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
447
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
448
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
449
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
450
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
451
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
452
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
453
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
454
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
455
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
456
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
457
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
458
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
459
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
460
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
461
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
462
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
463
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
464
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
465
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
466
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
467
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
468
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
469
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
470
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
471
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
472
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
473
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
474
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
475
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
476
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
477
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
478
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
479
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
480
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
481
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
482
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
483
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
484
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
485
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
486
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
487
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
488
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
489
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
490
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
491
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
492
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
493
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
494
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
495
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
496
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
497
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
498
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
499
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
500
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
501
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
502
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
503
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
504
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
505
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
506
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
507
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
508
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
509
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
510
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
511
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
512
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
513
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
514
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
515
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
516
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
517
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
518
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
519
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
520
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
521
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
522
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
523
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
524
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
525
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
526
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
527
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
528
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
529
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
530
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
531
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
532
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
533
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
534
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
535
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
536
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
537
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
538
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
539
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
540
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
541
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
542
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
543
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
544
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
545
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
546
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
547
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
548
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
549
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
550
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
551
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
552
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
553
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
554
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
555
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
556
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
557
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
558
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
559
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
560
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
561
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
562
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
563
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
564
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
565
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
566
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
567
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
568
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
569
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
570
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
571
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
572
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
573
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
574
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
575
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
576
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
577
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
578
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
579
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
580
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
581
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
582
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
583
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
584
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
585
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
586
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
587
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
588
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
589
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
590
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
591
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
592
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
593
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
594
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
595
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
596
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
597
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
598
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
599
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
600
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
601
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
602
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
603
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
604
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
605
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
606
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
607
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
608
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
609
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
610
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
611
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
612
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
613
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
614
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
615
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
616
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
617
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
618
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
619
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
620
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
621
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
622
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
623
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
624
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
625
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
626
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
627
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
628
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
629
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
630
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
631
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
632
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
633
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
634
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
635
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
636
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
637
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
638
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
639
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
640
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
641
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
642
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
643
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
644
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
645
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
646
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
647
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
648
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
649
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
650
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
651
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
652
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
653
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
654
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
655
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
656
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
657
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
658
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
659
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
660
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
661
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
662
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
663
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
664
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
665
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
666
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
667
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
668
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
669
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
670
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
671
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
672
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
673
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
674
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
675
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
676
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
677
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
678
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
679
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
680
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
681
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
682
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
683
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
684
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
685
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
686
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
687
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
688
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
689
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
690
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
691
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
692
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
693
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
694
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
695
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
696
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
697
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
698
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
699
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
700
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
701
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
702
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
703
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
704
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
705
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
706
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
707
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
708
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
709
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
710
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
711
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
712
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
713
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
714
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
715
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
716
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
717
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
718
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
719
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
720
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
721
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
722
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
723
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
724
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
725
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
726
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
727
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
728
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
729
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
730
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
731
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
732
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
733
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
734
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
735
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
736
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
737
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
738
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
739
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
740
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
741
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
742
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
743
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
744
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
745
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
746
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
747
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
748
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
749
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
750
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
751
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
752
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
753
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
754
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
755
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
756
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
757
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
758
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
759
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
760
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
761
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
762
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
763
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
764
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
765
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
766
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
767
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
768
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
769
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
770
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
771
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
772
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
773
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
774
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
775
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
776
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
777
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
778
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
779
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
780
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
781
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
782
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
783
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
784
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
785
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
786
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
787
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
788
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
789
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
790
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
791
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
792
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
793
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
794
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
795
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
796
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
797
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
798
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
799
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
800
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
801
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
802
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
803
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
804
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
805
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
806
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
807
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
808
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
809
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
810
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
811
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
812
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
813
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
814
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
815
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
816
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
817
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
818
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
819
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
820
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
821
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
822
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
823
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
824
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
825
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
826
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
827
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
828
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
829
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
830
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
831
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
832
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
833
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
834
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
835
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
836
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
837
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
838
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
839
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
840
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
841
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
842
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
843
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
844
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
845
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
846
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
847
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
848
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
849
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
850
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
851
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
852
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
853
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
854
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
855
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
856
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
857
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
858
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
859
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
860
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
861
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
862
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
863
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
864
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
865
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
866
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
867
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
868
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
869
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
870
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
871
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
872
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
873
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
874
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
875
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
876
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
877
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
878
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
879
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
880
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
881
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
882
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
883
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
884
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
885
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
886
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
887
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
888
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
889
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
890
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
891
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
892
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
893
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
894
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
895
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
896
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
897
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
898
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
899
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
900
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
901
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
902
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
903
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
904
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
905
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
906
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
907
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
908
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
909
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
910
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
911
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
912
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
913
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
914
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
915
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
916
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
917
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
918
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
919
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
920
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
921
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
922
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
923
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
924
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
925
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
926
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
927
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
928
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
929
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
930
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
931
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
932
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
933
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
934
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
935
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
936
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
937
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
938
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
939
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
940
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
941
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
942
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
943
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
944
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
945
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
946
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
947
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
948
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
949
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
950
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
951
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
952
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
953
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
954
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
955
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
956
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
957
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
958
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
959
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
960
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
961
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
962
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
963
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
964
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
965
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
966
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
967
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
968
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
969
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
970
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
971
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
972
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
973
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
974
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
975
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
976
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
977
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
978
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
979
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
980
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
981
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
982
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
983
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
984
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
985
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
986
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
987
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
988
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
989
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
990
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
991
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
992
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
993
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
994
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
995
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
996
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
997
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
998
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
999
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
1000
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
1001
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
1002
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
1003
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
1004
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
1005
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
1006
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
1007
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
1008
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
1009
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
1010
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1011
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
1012
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
1013
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1014
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
1015
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
1016
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
1017
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
1018
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
1019
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
1020
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
1021
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
1022
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
1023
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
1024
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
1025
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
1026
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
1027
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
1028
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
1029
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
1030
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
1031
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
1032
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
1033
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
1034
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
1035
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
1036
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
1037
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
1038
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
1039
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
1040
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
1041
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
1042
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
1043
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
1044
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
1045
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1046
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
1047
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
1048
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1049
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
1050
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
1051
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
1052
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
1053
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
1054
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
1055
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
1056
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
1057
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
1058
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
1059
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
1060
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
1061
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
1062
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
1063
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
1064
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
1065
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
1066
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
1067
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
1068
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
1069
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
1070
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
1071
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
1072
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
1073
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
1074
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
1075
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
1076
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
1077
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
1078
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
1079
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
1080
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1081
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
1082
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
1083
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1084
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
1085
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
1086
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
1087
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
1088
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
1089
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
1090
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
1091
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
1092
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
1093
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
1094
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
1095
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
1096
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
1097
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
1098
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
1099
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
1100
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
1101
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
1102
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
1103
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
1104
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
1105
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
1106
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
1107
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
1108
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
1109
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
1110
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
1111
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
1112
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
1113
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
1114
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
1115
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1116
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
1117
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
1118
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1119
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
1120
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
1121
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
1122
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
1123
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
1124
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
1125
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
1126
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
1127
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
1128
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
1129
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
1130
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
1131
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
1132
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
1133
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
1134
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
1135
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
1136
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
1137
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
1138
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
1139
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
1140
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
1141
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
1142
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
1143
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
1144
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
1145
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
1146
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
1147
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
1148
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
1149
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
1150
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1151
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
1152
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
1153
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1154
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
1155
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
1156
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
1157
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
1158
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
1159
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
1160
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
1161
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
1162
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
1163
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
1164
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
1165
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
1166
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
1167
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
1168
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
1169
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
1170
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
1171
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
1172
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
1173
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
1174
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
1175
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
1176
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
1177
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
1178
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
1179
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
1180
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
1181
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
1182
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
1183
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
1184
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
1185
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1186
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
1187
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
1188
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1189
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
1190
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
1191
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
1192
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
1193
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
1194
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
1195
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
1196
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
1197
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
1198
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
1199
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
1200
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
1201
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
1202
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
1203
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
1204
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
1205
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
1206
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
1207
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
1208
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
1209
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
1210
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
1211
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
1212
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
1213
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
1214
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
1215
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
1216
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
1217
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.
1218
What type of joint is the hip joint ?
Synovial joint therefore really mobile
1219
What forms the hip joint ?
The head of the femur and the pelvic acetabulum
1220
What is the acetabulum and the femur covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1221
What is the acetabular notch ?
A deep notch in the acetabulum of the hip bone. The acetabular notch contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane.
1222
What is the longest bone in the body ?
The femur
1223
What is the femoral head covered in ?
Hyaline cartilage
1224
What is the small depressed called in the femoral head ?
Fovae capitis
1225
What attaches to the small depression the femoral head ? ( fovea captitis)
Ligamentum teres which is the major blood supply to the femoral head in a child.
1226
What are the three extracapsular ligaments in the hip joint that form part of the capsule that strengthens the hip joint ?
1) iliofemoral 2) pubofemoral 3) ischiofemoral
1227
What is the strongest ligament in the body ?
The iliofemoral ligament
1228
Where is the iliofemoral ligament located ?
- it has an inverted Y shape. - the base of the Y is attached to the anterior , inferior iliac spine of the ilium. - the limbs of the Y are both attached to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.
1229
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament ?
Prevents hyperextension of the hip. - when seated , it becomes relaxed which permits the pelvis to tilt backwards into its sitting position.
1230
Where is the location of the pubofemoral ligament ?
Lies inferior and anterior to the hip joint. - it is a triangular shape. - its base is attached to the superior pubic ramus and it’s apex to the inferior part of the intertrochanteric line anterioly.
1231
What is the role of the pubofemoral ligament ?
- prevents excessive abduction and extension of the hip joint.
1232
Where is the location of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
- spiral shaped and is attached to the body of the ischium posteriorly and the greater trochanter.
1233
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament ?
Prevents excessive internal medial rotation
1234
What is the weakest of the 3 ligaments ?
Ischiofemoral ligament
1235
Transverse acetabular ligament
This is formed by the acetabular labrum as it bridges the acetabular notch. - this converts the notch into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves can enter the hip joint.
1236
What are examples of a few stabilising factors that increase the stability of the hip joint ?
1) the cup shaped acetabulum 2) the acetabular labrum which deepens the acetabulum 3) the capsule 4) the ligamentum teres 5) the extracapsular ligaments ( iliofemoral , ischiofemoral , pubofemoral ) 6) the muscles surrounding the hip joint
1237
Anteriorally , where the ligaments are the strongest ( iliofemoral & pubofemoral ligaments ) the medial flexors are ...
Fewer and weaker.
1238
Posteriorally , where the ligaments are weakest (ischiofemoral ) the lateral external rotators are ..
Greater in number and stronger because they effectively pull the head of the femur into the acetabulum.
1239
What muscles cause abduction of the hip ?
- gluteals medius Gluteas minimus ( POSTERIOR REGION)
1240
What muscle causes extension of the hip ?
Gluteas maximums
1241
What is the abduction of the hip assisted by ? ( what assists the gluteas medius and minimus )
Sartorius , tensor fascia lata
1242
What assists the extension of the hip - helping the gluteas maximus?
Hamstrings : semimembranous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
1243
What is the function of the gluteas maximus?
- main extensor | - assists with the lateral , external rotation of the hip.
1244
What innerverts the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve ( L5, S1, S2)
1245
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
Abducts and medically internally rotates the lower limb.
1246
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
The superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1)
1247
What is the function of the gluteas minimus?
It abducts and medial.y internally rotates the lower limb.
1248
What innerverts the gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve ( L4, L5 , S1).
1249
What classification would you classify gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus and mediaS?
Superficial muscles .
1250
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called ?
Fascia lata
1251
Where is the fascia lata thickened ?
At its lateral aspect where it forms the iliotibial tract which runs from the iliac crest to the lateral tibial condyle ( at the knee).
1252
What does Hilton’s | Law state?
The nerves supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint also innervate the joint.

MSK (14 decks)

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