Session 3 - Job Analysis & Design Flashcards
what is a job?
a job is a group of related activities & duties that is made up of tasks
What is a task?
a task is a basic element of jobs
What is job analysis?
job analysis is the process of defining a job in terms of its component tasks and duties - It involves the systemic collection of job-related information
What is the job analysis process used to develop?
1) job description (task requirements, duties and responsibilities)
2) job specification (person requirements, competencies job holder must have to be successful on the job)
What does KSA stand for?
Knowledge (education, experience), Skills (Computer, language), Abilities (Psychomotor)
What are competencies?
KSA’s, any characteristics that contribute to successful job performance
What is the importance of job analysis to the individual?
Allow for growth opportunity
What is the importance of job analysis to the organization?
Basis (“building block” of HRM systems
What is the importance of job analysis to the HR professional / industrial - organizational psychologist?
Develop criteria for validation selection instrument (e.g. testing interviews)
What is the importance of job analysis to socitey?
BFOR, pay equity
Where did the root of job analysis come from?
creator is Frederick Taylor - used scientific management and time motion studies with an emphasis on efficiency (such as specialization of labor)
What are some trends affecting HRM?
Changing demographics, technological advances, Globalization, hollowing, emphasis on intellectual capital
What is meant by “changing demographics”?
Aging workforce, increasing workforce diversity, Millennials, students delaying work for higher education
What is meant by “technological advances”?
Deskilling, creation of knowledge worker (creative class), telecommuting and distributed work
What is meant by “globalization”?
outsourcing and offshoring, global workforce, global careers
What are the steps in conducting a job analysis?
1) Preparation for job analysis - what jobs exist within the organization/what jobs need to be analyzed
2) Collect job analysis information - background info/ choose data collection method
3) Use job analysis information - job description/develop HRM system
What are some examples of the uses of job analysis?
1) Minimum Qualification (MQ)
2) Job evaluation in designing compensation system
3) Pay equity determination
What are 3 job analysis approaches?
1) Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ)
2) Functional Job Analysis
3) Critical Incident Approach
What are 5 job characteristics that provide intrinsic motivation?
1) Task identity
2) Task significance
3) Skill variety
4) Job autonomy
5) Feedback
What are some problems with job descriptions?
1) become out of date
2) do not contain standards of performance
3) do not adequately capture the complete requirements and complexity within a job
what is job design?
is the process of defining and arranging tasks, roles, and other processes to achieve employee goals and organizational effectiveness
What is the job characteristics model?
is an approach to job design that recognizes the link between motivational factors and components of the job to achieve improved work performance and job satisfaction
What are the 5 job characteristics in this model that should be considered when designing job
1) skill variety
2) Task identity
3) Task significance
4) Autonomy
5) Feedback
What is employee empowerment?
Is a technique for involving employees in their work through a process of inclusion
