Session 2 Thoracic Cage

Question 1

What happens at the root of hilum

Answer 1

Parietal pleura turns into visceral pleura

Question 2

Nerve that supplies the diaphragm

Answer 2

Phrenic from c3,4,5

Question 3

5 layers of intercostal muscles

Answer 3

External 
Internal 
Innermost 
Trans versus thoracic
Subcostal

Question 4

Function Innervation and attachment of external intercostal

Answer 4

Elevate the ribs , 🆙
Intercostal nerves
Arise from lower border of rib inserting into superior border of rib below

Question 5

Function Innervation and attachment of internal intercostal

Answer 5

Reduce the thoracic volume by depressing the rib cage
Intercostal nerves
Lateral edge of costal groove and inserts into the superior surface of rib below .

Question 6

Function Innervation and attachment of trans versus thoracis

Answer 6

Weakly depresses the ribs
Intercostal nerves
Organised into several slips that radiate from the body and xiphoid process of sternum to costal cartilage 2-6

Question 7

Function Innervation and attachment of subcostals

Answer 7

Elevate the ribs
Intercostal nerves
Attach to superior border or rib 2/3

Question 8

Lobes of left and right lung

Answer 8

Left 2

Right. 3

Question 9

Names of right lung lobes and fissures that separate

Answer 9

Superior middle inferior
Horizontal separates middle and superior
Oblique separates inferior superior

Question 10

What is lung hilum

Answer 10

Where structures enter and leave the lung

Question 11

Parietal and visceral layers of lung

Answer 11

Visceral is adherent to the lung

Parietal adheres to the thoracic wall

Question 12

What is the base of the lung formed by

Answer 12

Diaphragmatic surface

Question 13

What is the anterior border of the lung formed by

Answer 13

Convergence of mediastinal and costa, surfaces

Question 14

What does the Inferior border of lungs do

Answer 14

Separates the base of lung from costal and mediastinal surfaces

Question 15

What does each lung root contain

Answer 15

Collection of structures that suspend the lung from mediastinum .
Each contain bronchus , pulmonary artery two pulmonary veins , pulmonary plexus and lymphatic vessels .

Question 16

Where does the tracheobronchial tree start

Answer 16

Trachea at the lower border or cricoid cartilage

Question 17

At what level does the trachea bifurcate

Answer 17

Sterna, angle t4

Question 18

Pathway of bronchial tree

Answer 18

Trachea 
Main bronchus 
Lung root 
Lobar bronchi 
Segmental bronchi 
Terminal bronchioles 
Alveoli

Question 19

Vasculature of bronchi , lung roots , visceral pleura

Answer 19

Bronchial artery, arise from descending aorta

Question 20

Venous drainage of lungs

Answer 20

Bronchial veins
Right into azygos
Left into accessory hemiazygos

Question 21

Difference between left and right lung hilum

Answer 21

Left PA occupies the upper part

Right pa originates before entering the hilum

Question 22

Innervation and vascular supply to parietal pleura

Answer 22

Phrenic and intercostal arteries

Question 23

Innervation and vasculature of visceral pleura

Answer 23

Autonomic innervation from pulmonary plexus

Bronchial arteries