Session 2 - Disability and Health related Behaviour

Question 1

Define a disability

Answer 1

A physical or mental impairment

Question 2

Define health related behaviour

Answer 2

Anything which can promote good health or lead to illness

Question 3

Name the 3 learning theories

Answer 3

1) Classical conditioning
2) Operant Conditioning
3) Social Learning theory

Question 4

Define Classical conditioning

Answer 4

Behaviours linked to unrelated stimuli, pavlov’s dogs

Question 5

Define operant conditioning

Answer 5

Behaviour reinforced or discouraged by rewards or punishments

Question 6

Define social learning theory

Answer 6

Learning what behaviours are rewarded and how likely it is we can perform said behaviour through observation of others.

Modelling more effective if model is high status or ‘like us’

Question 7

Name the 3 Social Cognition Models

Answer 7

1) Cognitive Dissonance Theory
2) Health Belief Model
3) Theory of planned behaviour

Question 8

Define the cognitive dissonance theory

Answer 8

• Discomfort felt when inconsistent beliefs are held or when actions dont match beliefs
• Discomfort reduced by changing beliefs OR behaviour

Question 9

Define the health belief model and its limitation

Answer 9

Action depends on:

Beliefs about health threat – perceived susceptibility to threat and perceived severity of threat

• Beliefs about health-related behaviour – Perceived benefits of behaviour and perceived barriers to enacting behaviour.
• Limitation – Most decisions aren’t rational and reasoned, lots of other factors influence decision.

Question 10

Define the theory of planned behaviour and its limitation

Answer 10

3 things influence intention:

1) Attitudes towards behaviour
2) subjective norm - influence of others around us
3) percieved control - is it possible to do?

Limitation - intentions translate poorly to behaviours

Question 11

What is the Stages of Change Model? What are the 5 stages?

Answer 11

Question 12

What are the 6 levels of problem drinking behaviour?

Answer 12

1. Abstention
2. Low risk drinking – drink within the sensible drinking guidelines
3. Hazardous drinking – Drinking over the sensible drinking guidelines. So far no significant alcohol related health problems, however increased risk of harmful consequences.
4. Harmful drinking – Like hazardous drinkers but show clear evidence of some alcohol related harm, either physical or mental
5. Moderate dependence – Drinkers who have a degree of dependence but do not suffer from physical withdrawal symptoms
6. Severe dependence – Experience significant alcohol withdrawal and may drink to prevent withdrawal symptoms.

Question 13

Identify 2 tools for screening patients for alcohol us

Answer 13

1) CAGE - Cut down, annoyed, guilt, eye opener
2) FAST - Fast alcohol screening test

Question 14

What different methods are there to manage alcoholics?

Answer 14

Alcohol detox - withdrawal symptoms treated with vit b1 and librium

supportive treatment - nutrional supplements and multivits

Relapse prevention - Disulfiram to prevent relapse

Therapeutic interventions - counselling and advice