Session 1 - Skull Anatomy Flashcards
Name the main structures of the anterior neck going down.
Hyoid Bone, Thyroid cartilage, Cricoid cartilage, thyroid gland, trachea.
(Carotid on each side)
What are the fascia layers in the neck?
Superficial cervical fascia - thin fatty fascia containing nerves, vessels and lymph nodes.
DEEP fascia
- Investing layer (SCM + trapezius)
- Pretracheal (Thyroid, trachea, oesophagus)
- Prevertebral (around vertebrae)
- Carotid Sheath
What are the contents of the carotid sheath?
Common carotid artery
Internal Jugular Vein
Vagus nerve
Name the two triangles of the neck.
Anterior Triangle:
- imaginary midline of neck
- anterior margin of SCM
- inferior margin of mandible
Posterior Triangle:
- posterior margin of SCM
- anterior margin of trapezius
- clavicle
Which nerve supplies muscles of facial expression?
Facial Nerve (Cranial nerve VII)
Which nerve supplies muscles of mastication?
Trigeminal nerve (Cranial nerve V)
Which nerves (broadly) innervate the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles?
Supra = Cranial Nerves Infra = Cervical Nerves
Where is the retropharyngeal space found? What is the significance?
Between pre-tracheal fascia and the pre-vertebral fascia.
Retropharyngeal abscess - rare, in children most often.
Infection of space. Can spread inferiorly into mediastinum causing dangerous infection.
What are symptoms of retropharyngeal abscess?
Stiff neck Malaise Difficulty Swallowing Torticollis Limited neck mobility
What are the divisions of the Trigeminal nerve?
THREE key branches
Va - Ophthalmic division
Vb - Maxillary division
Vc- Mandibular division
Main sensory nerves of face + scalp.
Name the branches of the facial nerve.
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Mandibular Cervical
TZBMC
What are the blood vessels of the head + neck?
Common carotid: branches to internal + external.
Internal Jugular vein
External Jugular vein
Which artery supplies the face, which vein drains it?
Facial artery (branch of external carotid) Facial vein (drains IJV) Also, External jugular vein
