Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pelvic Anatomy > Session 1: Pelvis and Male Reproductive Structures > Flashcards

Session 1: Pelvis and Male Reproductive Structures Flashcards

1
Q

See pelvic landmarks on pg 8+9 of Pelvic Anatomy Booklet

A

…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What differs in the greater pelvis in each gender?

A

Female shallower, male deeper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What differs in the lesser pelvis in each gender?

A

Female wide and shallow, male narrow and deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What differs in the pelvic inlet in each gender?

A

Female oval and rounded, male heart-shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What differs in the pelvic outlet in each gender?

A

Female comparatively large, male comparatively small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What differs in the subpubic angle in each gender?

A

Female: obtuse angle, male: acute angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What differs in the obturator foramen in each gender?

A

Female: oval, Male: round

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What differs in the acetabulum in each gender?

A

Female: small, Male: large

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?

A

Synovial planar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of joint is the pubic symphysis?

A

Cartilagenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Diagram of pubic joints pg 10 of the booklet

A

…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which muscles occupy the lateral pelvic wall?

A

Obturator internus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which muscle is present in the posterior wall of the pelvis?

A

Piriformis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which nerve network lies on the muscle forming the posterior wall of the pelvis?

A

Sacral plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diagram of the pelvic floor: booklet page 11

A

…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the perineal and anococcygeal bodies?

A

Irregular, fibromuscular masses which act as attachments for muscle fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the functions of the pelvic diaphragm (floor)?

A

Urinary and faecal continence
Support of abdominopelvic viscera
Resistance to increases in intrapelvic/abdominal pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the innervation of the pelvic diaphragm?

A

Levator Ani Muscles - Branches of the pudendal nerve (S2, 3, 4)
Coccygeus - Anterior rami of S4 and 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Injury to the pelvic floor during childbirth is common and potentially damaging. Why?

A

????

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why does an episiotomy minimise long-term damage?

A

Helps to prevent uncontrolled tearing of the perineal muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the main organs of the urinary system found in the pelvic viscera in each gender?

A

Males: Urinary bladder, urethra
Females: Urinary bladder, urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the main organs of the reproductive system found in the pelvic viscera in each gender?

A

Males: Prostate and other glands. ductus deferens
Females: Uterus, ovaries, vagina, uterine tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the main organs of the alimentary system found in the pelvic viscera in each gender?

A

Males: Rectum, anal canal
Females: Rectum, anal canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What would you normally be able to palpate in males when performing a rectal examination?

A

Prostate, anal tone, rectal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What would you normally be able to palpate in females when performing a rectal examination?

A

Anal tone, rectal wall ???? Uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Diagram of the pelvic arteries, page 14 booklet

A

…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the origin of the superior and inferior vesical arteries and what do they supply?

A

Umbilical artery

Bladder, seminal gland and prostate in males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the origin of the uterine artery and what does it supply?

A

Internal iliac artery

Uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the origin of the gonadal arteries (ovarian or testicular) and what do they supply?

A

Abdominal aorta

Gonads (ovaries or testes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is the origin of the superior rectal artery and what does it supply?

A

Inferior mesenteric

Rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is the origin of the middle and inferior rectal arteries and what do they supply?

A

Middle - internal iliac, medial rectum

Inferior - internal pudendal, distal rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the origin of the vaginal artery and what does it supply?

A

Uterine artery

Vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the origin of the internal pudendal artery and what does it supply?

A

Internal iliac artery

Main artery to the perineum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the origin of the obturator artery and what does it supply?

A

Internal iliac artery

Muscles in the thigh’s adductor compartment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What does the testicular artery pass through?

A

The inguinal canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

See page 15 for a diagram of the pelvic veins

A

…

37
Q

What part of the rectum drains into the portal circulation?

A

Superior rectal vein -> proximal section

38
Q

Which parts of the rectum drain into systematic circulation?

A

Middle and inferior rectal veins -> Middle and distal sections

39
Q

What is the significance of the rectal venous drainage system?

A

It is a portocaval anastomoses

40
Q

Why might haemorrhoids be associated with cirrhosis of the liver?

A

????

41
Q

With which venous plexus does the prostatic venous plexus communicate on it’s posterior side? What is the clinical significance of knowing this?

A

Internal vertebral venous plexus

????

42
Q

Describe the course of the ilioinguinal nerve. What does it supply?

A

Originates from S1 and enters the inguinal canal at the superficial inguinal ring.
Skin at the tip of the penis or the labia

43
Q

Describe the course of the genitofemoral nerve

A

Originates at L1-2 and enters the deep inguinal ring

44
Q

What structures are supplied by the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve in males?

A

Skin of proximal medial thigh, skin of anterior scrotum, cremaster muscle

45
Q

What is the clinical significance of the genitofemoral nerve?

A

????

46
Q

There does the pudendal nerve arise from? What vessel does it follow the path of?

A

Sacral plexus

Pudendal artery

47
Q

What does the pudendal nerve supply?

A

Bulbospongiosus muscle

Ishiocavernosus muscle

48
Q

From which segmental levels does the pudendal nerve arise?

A

S2-4

49
Q

What bony landmarks do you think are used when performing a pudendal nerve block during labour?

A

Ischial spine

50
Q

What supplies the vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and epididymis?

A

Sympathetic fibres from L1 and 2 via the hypogastric plexus

51
Q

What innervates the female genital tract?

A

Sympathetic nerve fibres from the pelvic and ovarian plexuses
Parasympathetic fibres from the pelvic splanchnic nerve (S2-4)

52
Q

What innervates erectile tissues in both males and females?

A

Parasympathetic fibres from the hypogastric plexus (S2-4)

53
Q

What are the erectile structures?

A

Left and right crus

54
Q

After rectal surgery why are some men unable to ejaculate?

A

????

55
Q

Pelvic lymph nodes page 18 of booklet

A

????

56
Q

What categories of reproductive organs exist?

A

External genitalia
The gonads - responsible for the production of gametes
Tube system - important for transport of sperm/ovum to allow them to unite
Accessory glands - support the gametes and lubricatethe copulatory organs

57
Q

See page 19 for diagrams of male genitalia

A

…

58
Q

Why are the gonads located outside the abdominopelvic cavity in males, but remain intimately connected to the structures located there in males?

A

Thermoregulation

59
Q

See page 20 for diagrams of the spermatic cord

A

…

60
Q

What are the main contents of the spermatic cord?

A

Testicular arteries
Pampiniform plexus
Vas deferens

61
Q

What is the tough outer layer of the testis?

A

Tunica albuginea

62
Q

What is the tunica vaginalis?

A

A peritoneal sac that covers the testis

63
Q

What are the 2 layers of the tunica vaginalis?

A

Visceral lamina

Parietal lamina

64
Q

What material is present between the two layers of tunica vaginalis?

A

Serous

65
Q

What is hydrocele and haematocele?

A

????

66
Q

What artery supplies the testis?

A

Testicular arteries

67
Q

What vertebral do the testicular arteries arise from the abdominal aorta at?

A

L1/2

68
Q

What structures do the testicular arteries cross when travelling retroperitoneally before the inguinal canal?

A

????

69
Q

What is the term used for the 8-12 anastomosing veins associated with the testis?

A

Pampiniform plexus

70
Q

What is the function of these veins?

A

????

71
Q

Where does the right testicular vein drain into?

A

Inferior vena cava

72
Q

Where does the left testicular vein drain into?

A

Left renal vein

73
Q

What is varicocele?

A

????

74
Q

Which two lymph node groups receive lymph from the testis?

A

Lumbar and para-aortic lymph nodes

75
Q

What is the vas deferens?

A

The muscular tube which arises from the tail of the epididymis which transverses the inguinal canal and enters the pelvis by passing over the external iliac vessels

76
Q

How does the vas deferens terminate?

A

Joining the duct of the seminal gland to form the ejaculatory duct

77
Q

What secretions are produced by the seminal vesicles?

A

Alkaline fluid
Prostglandins
Fructose
Clotting factors

78
Q

What is the prostate gland fused to?

A

The inferior part of the bladder (neck)

79
Q

What does the prostate surround?

A

The prostatic urethra

80
Q

What secretions are produced by the prostate?

A

Proteolytic enzymes

81
Q

What are the bulbourethral glands?

A

Paired structures located in the urogenital diaphragm which empty into the spongy urethra

82
Q

What secretions are produced by these glands?

A

Mucous secretions

83
Q

Page 25 for lymphatic drainage of male reproductive organs

A

????

84
Q

What are the histological features of the testis (semiferouh tubules)?

A

Convoluted tubules sectioned in various planes
4-8 layers of cells
Spermatozoa in the lumen
Leydig cells in the interstitial spaces between tubules

85
Q

What are the histological features of the prostate?

A

Serous alveoli with infolding epithelium
Trabeculae of muscular stroma
Amorphous eosinophilic masses, called corpora amylacea, in the alveoli of older men

86
Q

What are the histological features of the seminal vesicles?

A

No sperm in the lumen
Highly recessed and irregular lumen forming crypts and cavities giving honey-combed appearances
Well developed muscular externa

87
Q

What are the histological features of the ductus deferens?

A

Lumen Stellate in shape
A thick walled muscular tube
Epithelial lining and it’s supporting lamina propria are thrown into longitudinal folds

88
Q

See pgs 26-28 for histological diagrams

A

…

Pelvic Anatomy (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions