Session 1: Fundamental Notions of Law

Question 1

law

Answer 1

a set of general and impersonal rules (that apply to everyone) of conduct aimed at organizing life at a given society.

Question 2

objective law

Answer 2

set of legal rules that govern the life of people in a given society, and its enforcement is sanctioned by public authorities

Question 3

positive law

Answer 3

serves the objective law that is currently applicable in a given country. legal rules enacted by people in a political community

Question 4

subjective rights

Answer 4

connection with individual liberties: rights that fix the limits within which a subject is entitled to freely express their will. (specific and personal)

Question 5

public authorities

Answer 5

the French Constitution, national statutes, international treaties, etc.

Question 6

what is positive law composed of?

Answer 6

includes constitutions, regulations, and statutes

Question 7

characteristics of legal rules

Answer 7

general, impersonal, permanent, binding, enforceable

Question 8

branches of international law

Answer 8

private and public

Question 9

public law

Answer 9

public authorities, between countries or organizations

Question 10

private law

Answer 10

between citizens or private companies

Question 11

branches of law in France

Answer 11

public, private and mixed

Question 12

mixed law

Answer 12

both private and public. ex: criminal law

Question 13

hierarchy of norms

Answer 13

a vertical order of legal acts: the lower levels being subject to those at a higher level

Question 14

hierarchy of norms pyramid

Answer 14

constitutional rules
international laws
statutes
executive orders
regulations
case-law
administrative acts: ministerial, local, or municipal

Question 15

case law

Answer 15

law said by the judges

Question 16

international laws