Session 01 Flashcards
What is Information System?
A system allows for data collection, storage, and retrieval.
Facilitate the transformation of data into inforamtion.
And the management of data and information.
Information System includes?
- People
- Hardware
- Software
- Databases
- Application programs
- Procedures
SDLC - System Development Life Cycle
A structured process of developing a Information System.
5 phases in SDLC
- Planning
- Analysis
- Detailed system design
- Implementation
- Maintenace
Phase 1 : Planning
- Defines project processes, activities and goals
- Ensures project success from start to finish
- Provides a high-level view of organizational objectives.
- Identifies the need for a new system or enhancements
Planning phase Actions / Key aspects?
- Initial Assessment
- Feasibility study
**Initial Assessment : ** assets the information flow and gathers sufficient requirements through requirement analysis.
**Feasibility Analysis : ** Recognize the possibility of developing a required system.
2 major categories of Feasibility Analysis?
- Technical feasibility
- Economic feasibility
Phase 2 : Analysis
- Understand user needs, problems, and opportunities in detail.
- Define software requriement for system improvement.
- Logical system design
Analysis phase actions?
- User requirements
- Existing system evaluation
- Logical system design
Phase 3 : Detailed System Design
- Finalize the technical details like data structures, input methods, user interfaces, and backup procedures.
- Ensures everything will work efficiently.
- The design is then verified through reviews to ensure it meets the required standards before moving forward.
Detailed system design phase actions?
- Detailed system specification.
Phase 04 : Implementation
- All the hardware, application programs and the DBMS software are installed.
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Database implemented and populated using:
1. Cusomized user programs.
2. Database interface programs.
3. Conversion programs (importing from different file structre)
Implementation design phase actions / major parts?
1) Coding, testing, and debugging
Coding :
* Translates the design into machine-readable code.
* Smooth process if the design is detailed.
Testing :
* Ensure software meets requirements and defects errors.
Debugging :
* Locating and fixing software bugs.
* Iterative cycle with coding and testing
2) Installation, fine-tuning
Installation :
* Hardware and Software setup
* Ensure no issues arise during installation
Fine-tuning :
* Continuous evaluation and adjustment post-installation
* Final documentation reviewed and printed.
* End-user training conducted.
Two methods of testing?
- Back Box Testing : Focus on input-output behavior. Don’t need to know about internal logic and code paths.
- White Box Testing : Focus on internal logic and code paths.
Phase 05 : Maintenace
- Ensure the systen remains fucntional, efficient, and aligned with organizational goals.
SCOPE :
* Update system to reflect organizational changes.
* Provide support through a dedicated help desk.
* Implement structural changes requested by end users.
Types of Maintenaces?
- Adaptive Maintenance
* Adapts the system to new working procedures, rules, or envioronments.
* Often in response to system errors. - Corrective Maintenance
* Fixes bugs and ensures the system meets original user requirements.
* Focuses on ongoing improvements. - Perfective Maintenace
* Enhances the system for improved efficiency and advanced processing capabilities.
