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CIB Modules > Serious Crime Module - Victims > Flashcards

Serious Crime Module - Victims Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three key elements of a homicide?

A
  • The victim
  • The suspect
  • The location
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2
Q

What role is the deputy of OC Body assigned?

A

Scene Exhibits Officer

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3
Q

What are the responsibilities of OC Body (13)?

A
  1. Ensure death is signed off
  2. Maintain security of the body from the scene to the PM
  3. Secure and guard the body
  4. Note and record observations
  5. Note details of medical staff
  6. Record what actions have been taken by anyone in respect of the body
  7. Arrange transportation of the body to the mortuary
  8. Complete sudden death procedures
  9. Arrange formal ID
  10. Obtain historical medical records
  11. Attend the PM
  12. Attend the debrief of the pathologist and record the findings
  13. Ensure all cultural responsibilities have been addressed
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4
Q

What is involved in the PM for OC Body and OC Investigation?

A
  • Attend the pathologist briefing
  • Ensure the Police photographer photographs the body before and after clothing is removed, and during the PM
  • Preserve evidence from the body
  • Record, label and secure all samples and exhibits
  • Arrange for fingerprints
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5
Q

What is the OC Investigation responsible for (3)?

A
  1. Contact the coroner
  2. Arrange the PM, in consultation with the coroner
  3. Consult the pathologist before the PM commences considering X-ray/CT/CAT scans of the body
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6
Q

Who can certify death?

A
  • Suitably qualified medical practitioner
  • Suitably qualified paramedic
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7
Q

What factors should be considered prior to removing the body from the scene (9)?

A
  1. Coroner’s advice
  2. Views of the pathologist, ESR forensic scientist, and Crown Solicitor attending the crime scene
  3. Consultation with other relevant experts
  4. Requirement for any other examination
  5. Best method and route for body removal
  6. Supervision of the body removal
  7. Safe custody of exhibits
  8. Family and/or cultural considerations
  9. The appreciation should record the SOP regarding protective clothing. The SOP is recorded once and adhered to from here (rather than recording every use or change of clothing)
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8
Q

What should occur if it is established the body has been disturbed prior to arrival?

A
  • Do NOT attempt to restore the scene to its original unchanged condition
  • make enquiries to enable the original unchanged scene to be subsequently reconstructed and photographed, if required
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9
Q

Who should be consulted regarding taking specimens from the body at the scene?

A
  • Attending ESR staff
  • The pathologist
  • The OC Investigation
  • Crime Scene Coordinator (or OC Scene)
  • Fingerprint Officer
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10
Q

What are examples of specimens that may be taken from the body at the scene?

A
  • Larvae and insects
  • Potential fingerprint evidence
  • DNA swabs
  • Extraneous items such as loose hairs, fibres, glass, paint or other fragments
  • Firearm residue samples
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11
Q

What steps should be followed regarding removal of the body (11)?

A
  1. Record the position of the body by sketch plan and Police photographer
  2. Consider marking and recording the position of the body e.g., measuring the distance from the body to the nearest fixed features
  3. Record all details of the position of the body including:
    - Position of the limbs
    - Appearance of the body
    - Wounds and clothing
    - Direction of any trails of blood on the body
    - Lividity
    - Extent of rigor mortis present
  4. Health risks
  5. Cover the hands, feet and head with PAPER bags
  6. Ensure clothing on the body is not contaminated
  7. Wrap the body in a plastic sheet and place it in a body bag
  8. Carefully search underneath where the body lay
  9. Retain, as exhibits, all sheets, bags or other materials used the transport the body
  10. Obtain approval from the OC Investigation
  11. Arrange a contracted undertaker to transport the body to the mortuary
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12
Q

What is the primary role of the OC Body during a PM?

A

Observe, document and deal with exhibits associated with the body, in a structured, methodical manner.

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13
Q

What is the primary role of the OC Investigation during a PM?

A

Actively manage all aspects of how the body, body samples and other exhibits associated with the body are treated and give directions to ensure required procedures are followed and that the pace of the examination does not exceed the ability of the OC Body to perform their role.

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14
Q

What is the primary reason for conducting a PM?

A

To establish the cause of death.

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15
Q

Who may attend a PM?

A
  • Pathologist
  • Coroner
  • Any other pathologist assisting (if authorised by the Coroner)
  • A doctor who treated the deceased
  • A doctor, nurse or funeral director representing the deceased (ABC)
  • A doctor representing the interests of a suspect who has or may be charged in relation to the death (ABC)
  • Any other doctor or trainee doctor (ABC)
  • Police
  • Any other person authorised by a Coroner
  • ESR forensic scientist
  • Crown Solicitor
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16
Q

Who should attend a PM?

A
  • OC Investigation
  • OC Body
  • Exhibits officer for the PM
  • Police photographer
  • SOCO or fingerprint officer, if required
17
Q

What experts may be consulted regarding the conduct of the PM?

A
  • Odontologist
  • Biologist
  • Medical illustrator
  • Toxicologist
  • Ballistics expert
  • Crime scene examiner
  • Entomologist
  • Anthropologist
  • Disaster Victim Identification
18
Q

What equipment should be taken to and/or available for the PM?

A
  • MEK examination kit
  • Toxicology kit
  • Body label
  • Notebook and pens for use solely during the PM
  • A Scene Exhibit Schedule Form
  • Copy of completed POL47
  • Deceased Person Certificate
  • Deceased Person Identification
  • Exhibit packaging supplies
  • PPE
  • Photographs from the scene
  • A range of available exhibit numbers
  • Pre-printed exhibit labels
  • Roll of brown paper
  • Firearms residue kit
19
Q

On arrival at the mortuary, what steps must the OC Body take?

A
  1. Ensure mortuary staff do not wash the body
  2. Ensure the body is labelled and secured in the secure mortuary fridge
  3. Retain any key used to secure the body, until it is required for the PM
  4. Ensure the body remains in its present condition until the commencement of the PM
  5. Arrange formal identification of the body
20
Q

If the body is visually unidentifiable, what methods may be used to confirm ID?

A
  • Fingerprints
  • DNA profiling
  • Dental records, available through the Region Forensic Dentistry Advisor
  • Eye examination records
  • Medical examination records
  • Personal effects
  • Facial reconstruction
21
Q

What information can be provided by a pathologist when bones are located?

A
  • Whether remains are actually bones
  • Whether the bones are human
  • The age, gender, height and race of the person
22
Q

What is the role of the pathologist during a PM?

A
  • Records a description of the body, including: height, weight, build, eye colour and hair
  • Records the body’s external appearance (front and back) including: injuries, bruises, scars, scratches, discoloration and imperfections
  • Uses specialist kits for collecting evidence samples
23
Q

What must the OC Body do regarding exhibits taken during a PM?

A

The OC Body is responsible for recording, labelling, packaging, sealing and securing all physical exhibits relating to the body, including samples taken during the PM.

24
Q

How must wet or damp exhibits be dealt with?

A

Must be unsealed and dried in a controlled environment such as at a Police drying room, with due regard for the integrity of the exhibit. Once dry, they can be re-packaged and re-sealed.

25
Q

Under what circumstances might a second PM be required?

A
  • The pathologist is unable to determine cause of death
  • A suspect’s lawyer seeks approval from the Coroner to conduct an independent PM
  • The Solicitor General orders a further PM, after an application to the High Court
26
Q

What information might be obtained from blood samples?

A

Usually taken for toxicological and serological purposes

27
Q

What information might be obtained from stomach contents samples?

A

Taken for both toxicological analysis and to identify the nature of the last meal. Analysis of entire stomach contents may also assist with establishing a time of death.

28
Q

What information might be obtained from head and pubic hair samples?

A

This is necessary for use as a control to distinguish between foreign hair found on the body and the victim’s hair. It can also be used to provide a DNA profile.

29
Q

What information might be obtained from urine samples?

A

For toxicological analysis.

30
Q

What information might be obtained from ocular fluid samples?

A

Can indicate levels of drugs and alcohol present in the body, a few hours before death. Is useful when a body is badly decomposed.

31
Q

What information might be obtained from bile and liver samples?

A

Sometimes taken for toxicology examination.

32
Q

What information might be obtained from lungs samples?

A

In cases where the body has been burnt, they can help identify any accelerants used.

In drowning cases, the presence of diatoms or the lack of them, can be useful for determining whether or not death occurred while the face was submerged in water and identifying possible sources of water.

33
Q

What information might be obtained from organ samples?

A

They can be studied with the naked eye for injuries and natural disease and specimens are taken for microscopic examination.

34
Q

What information might be obtained from nasal cavities samples?

A

Nasal washings should be considered in cases where the victim has been killed or located outside. These should be secured for later pollen analysis.

CIB Modules (29 decks)

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