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CIB Training (K) > Serious Crime Investigation > Flashcards

Serious Crime Investigation Flashcards

1
Q

Primary function of initially attending officers

A
  1. To attend the scene at the early stage
  2. To take control of the situation
  3. To coordinate the tasks
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2
Q

The incidents that are not initially identified as homicide may include…

A
  1. Missing person
  2. Sudden unexplained death of an infant
  3. Unexplained death
  4. Abduction
  5. Violent incidents where the fatalities are not anticipated
  6. Crime where a body is not present
  7. Hit and Run incidents
  8. Suicides
  9. Fatal fires
  10. Drug related deaths
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3
Q

Two key tasks of any investigation are

A
  1. To gather and preserve evidence

2. Documentation

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4
Q

Four types of conference

A
  1. Initial conference
  2. Regular conference
  3. Debriefing conference
  4. Phase team conference
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5
Q

Benefits of making an appreciation

A

Appreciation:

  1. Informs police what they are expected to achieve
  2. Increases chances of success
  3. Manages risks
  4. Reduces uncertainty
  5. Eliminates duplication
  6. Establishes sequences of activities required
  7. Ensures nothing is overlooked
  8. Ensures effective use of resources
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6
Q

Four basic steps of an appreciation

A
  1. Aim
    A short statement identifying a single objective.
    Must be clear and accurate.
  2. Factors
    Circumstances that may affect a manner in which you will achieve the desired outcome.
    Ask ‘So what?’ followed by ‘Therefore…’
  3. Courses Open
    Possible ways to achieve the aim.
    Consider advantages / disadvantages / risks.
  4. Plan
    Proposed course of action to achieve the aim.
    Must be clear, logical, recorded and delivered in GSMEAC format.
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7
Q

Purpose of the Police attending sudden death incident

A

Regardless of the circumstances of a death, the Police is to investigate and gather evidence thoroughly to satisfactorily explained the circumstances of that death.

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8
Q

Physical conditions of a victim

A
  1. Alive and uninjured
  2. Alive but injured
  3. Shows no signs of life
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9
Q

For the statement of dying victim to be admissible as hearsay evidence (s.18(1)(a) Evidence Act 2006), the court must be satisfied that…

Five factors demonstrating reliability…

A

The content of the statement and the person who made it are reliable.

Police must record any factors demonstrating reliability.
The factors may include:
1. The nature of the statement
2. The content of the statement
3. The circumstances relating to the making of the statement
4. The circumstances relating to the veracity of the person
5. The circumstances relating to the accuracy of observation of the person

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10
Q

General investigation model

A

The general investigation model VAWSEIPO should be applied in all cases.

V. Victim
Identification and location of the victim
A. Appreciation
Make an initial appreciating and risk assessment to self / others
W. Witness
Locating and containing of the witnesses
S. Scene
Preserve the scene / Establish boundaries
E. Evidence
Note and preserve exhibits
I. Ingredients
Consider whether the ingredients of an alleged offence have been established
P. Powers
Establish what powers are available and consider its execution
O. Offender
Identification and apprehension of the offender

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11
Q

Initial Action - Victim shows no signs of life

A
  • If there is the slightest possibility that the victim is still alive, commence first aid and call ambulance
  • Do not move the victim any more than necessary to establish if they are still alive
  • If the victim needs to be moved, record the original position by photo/video/sketch and description

Follow those steps:

  1. Consider First Aid and resuscitation / Record original position and movements
  2. Remain with the body until relieved by CIB or NCO
  3. Obtain life extinct certificate
  4. Treat the body as a scene - do not move
  5. Instruct medical staff to leave the clothes on
  6. Instruct medical staff to leave tubes/needles/bandages/etc in situ
  7. Scope interview of medical staff about their actions/injuries/cause of death
  8. Record all exhibits
  9. Sketch/Plan positions of the body and exhibits
  10. Record description of the body/lividity/clothes/injuries
  11. Record everything observed objectively (smell/sound/sight)
  12. Establish if the victim has spoken to anyone be over the death and what was said
  13. Early SITREP to OC investigation
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12
Q

Common Approach Path (CAP)

A

Control all movements to and from the scene using a path which avoids the use any routes to and from the scene possibly taken by the victim or offender

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13
Q

Scene Guard - Purpose of the scene guard and crime scene log

A
  1. Prevent unauthorised entry into the scene
  2. Integrity of evidence or possible evidence is secured
  3. Intelligence opportunity is maximised
  4. Contamination issues are managed
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14
Q

Scene Guard - is to record the following details

A
  1. Time of entry to / exit from the scene
  2. Name and designation
  3. Authority to enter the scene
  4. Purpose of the visit the scene
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15
Q

Scene Guard - Duties

A
  1. Secure the scene
    Deny entry to anyone unless they are expressly authorised to enter by OC / CSC / OC scene
  2. Record details
    Maintain the Crime Scene Log / Record details of those who authorised to enter
  3. Control movements
    Direct those who authorised to enter to CAP and supervise its use
  4. Record movements
    Record in the Log any movements and details of any vehicles to/from/near the scene
  5. Brief others
    Communicate relevant information to OC / CSC / OC Scene
  6. Avoid disturbance
    Do not enter / contaminate / interfere with the scene
  7. Protect the scene
    Be vigilant to such activities as animals at the scene
  8. Remain on duty
    Remain on duty until relieved
  9. Brief replacement
    Brief the oncoming scene guard and hand on the Crime Scene Log
  10. Respect security
    Do not discuss the matter with witnesses / bystanders / media
  11. Demonstrate courtesy
    Use courtesy with civilians / crowd
  12. Inform others
    Report the actions taken to OC / CSC / OC Scene
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16
Q

Media at the scene

A
  • Keep the media away from the immediate scene
  • Do not make any comments about the incident
  • Inform OC Investigation
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17
Q

IA officer is to brief the OC Investigation and to report the following

A
  1. What has occurred
  2. What actions have been taken
  3. What has not been done
  4. What needs to be done
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18
Q

Who should be appointed OC Body

A

An experienced officer with awareness of forensic issues

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19
Q

OC Body - Responsibilities

A
  1. Ensure the death is certified by a doctor/paramedic using POL265
  2. Maintain security/continuity of the body/samples/exhibits from the scene to PM
  3. Secure/guard the body/samples/exhibits with dignity and respect
  4. Note/Record observation
  5. Note/Record details of medical staff who attended the victim
  6. Note/Record any actions taken by anyone in respect of the body
  7. Establish if the body has been moved/disturbed
  8. Photo/Video the body in situ
  9. Arrange for the body to be transported from the scene to a mortary (with authority of OC)
  10. Compete 1S procedures
  11. Arrange for the formal identification of the body using POL265A (with authority of OC)
  12. Obtain medical records of the victim
  13. Attend PM with OC
  14. Attend briefing of pathologist with OC
  15. Ensures a photographer takes sufficient number of photographs of the body before the clothes is removed/disrupted/during PM
  16. Preserve exhibits from the body
  17. Record/Label/Secure the samples/exhibits from the body
  18. Ensure F/P and palm prints are taken
  19. Attend debriefing with pathologist and record findings
  20. Ensure the cultural responsibilities are addressed
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20
Q

Four basic IA principles in relation to a scene

A
  1. Freeze
  2. Control
  3. Guard
  4. Preserve
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21
Q

Primary purpose of PM..

Pathologist findings may include…

A

The primary purpose of PM is to establish a cause of death.

The pathologist findings may include:

  1. Time/Mode of a death
  2. How injuries contributed towards the death
  3. Nature/Size of the weapon used
  4. Approximate height/stature of the suspect
  5. Areas of interest for witness/suspect interviews
  6. Negating possible defence
  7. Identification of the victim (if hasn’t been established)
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22
Q

Body - Unless there is an emergency, the body is not to be moved without…

A

Authority from OC investigation

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23
Q

Body - Establishing if the body has been moved

Do’s and Don’t’s

A

Establish if the body has been moved/disturbed, and if so:

  1. Do not attempt to restore the scene
  2. Establish the original/unchanged scene for further photo/reconstruction
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24
Q

Body - Preparing body for removal

A
  1. Photo/Video/Sketch/Plan position of the body
  2. Marking/Recording position of the body (measuring distance)
  3. Record detailed position of the body:
    - position of the limbs
    - appearance of the body
    - wounds / clothing
    - trails of blood
    - lividity
    - rigor mortis presence
  4. Safety first (consider safety issues)
  5. Cover hands/feet/head in the paper bags secured with a tape to prevent loss of trace evidence (if wet use plastic bags)
  6. Ensure the clothing on the body is not contaminated
  7. Wrap the body in a plastic sheet and place it in a bag
  8. Search underneath of the body
  9. Exhibit sheets/bags used for transport the body
  10. Obtain approval from OC to remove the body
  11. Arrange for undertaker to take the body to a mortary (ensure the body bag is sterile)
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25
Q

OC Body - Making notes in relation to PM

A

OC Body is not to make any notes in relation to PM unless specifically directed to do so by OC Investigation

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26
Q

OC Body - Primary role during PM

A
  1. To observe and document

2. To deal with the exhibits associated with the body in a structured and methodical manner

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27
Q

OC Body - Stripping the body

A

Stripping the body is to be done before PM but only under direction of OC Investigation.

  1. The body is to be stripped in front of the pathologist
  2. Remove the body from the fridge and take it to PM (assist mortary staff)
  3. Remove the body from they body bag causing minimum disturbance
  4. Exhibit the wrapping and body bag used to transport the body
  5. Photos of the body before / after stripping
  6. Remove the clothes from the body:
    - avoid cutting
    - if unavoidable, cut in the places where the evidence is less likely to be
    - search the clothing
  7. Inventory clothing and possessions
  8. Label each item
  9. Seal each item in a different bag
  10. Avoid cross-contamination of exhibits
  11. Maintain security and continuity of the body / possessions until PM
  12. Collect trace evidence using a fine sieve in the table drain
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28
Q

OC Body - The photographer is to be instructed to take the photos of…

A
  1. The body before stripping
  2. The body after stripping
  3. Close ups of any wounds / marks / internal injuries / unusual features (using a measuring scale)
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29
Q

Seven alternative methods of the victim identification

A
  1. Fingerprints
  2. DNA profiling
  3. Dental records
  4. Eye examination record
  5. Medical examination records
  6. Facial reconstruction
  7. Personal effect
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30
Q

OC Body - After PM all exhibits are to be handed to OC Exhibit along with…

A
  1. PM exhibit schedule
  2. Notebook entries (OC Body)
  3. FWS
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31
Q

OC Body - Sudden Death File

A
  1. Report for a Coroner (POL47 / POL47A for under 2 years)
  2. Copy of Deceased Person Certificate (POL265)
  3. Copy of Deceased Person Identification (POL265A)
  4. Statement relating to the formal identification of the victim
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32
Q

FLO - Primary Role

A

Family Liaising Officer is an investigator, not a support person

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33
Q

FLO - Plan should be recorded to consider…

A
  1. Selection of FLO (including criteria for selection)
  2. Exit plan for FLO
  3. Objectives of FLO
  4. Most appropriate method of interviews with the family members
    (Including special consideration)
  5. Information to be released / withheld from the family
  6. Family requests which have not been agreed to and the reason for it
  7. Complaints made by the family and OC’s actions to resolve the issues
  8. Family member considered to be a suspect
    (OC I’d to determine if that is the case)
  9. Liaising with the Victim Support and other support agencies
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34
Q

FLO - Family

A
  • Includes parents / partners / siblings / children / guardians / whanau and anyone else who had a direct contact with the victim
  • Includes ‘chosen’ family
  • Should include victim’s culture and lifestyle
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35
Q

FLO - Importance of identification of cultural origins of the family

A

Helps to enhance the relations with the family and contribute to the victim’s profile

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36
Q

FLO - Responsibilities

A
  • Profile the victim
  • Prepare the family tree
  • Gather all relevant information from the family
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37
Q

FLO - Who else can take VIS from the family members

A

Homicide trained victim support volunteer

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38
Q

Area Canvas - Objectives

A
  • Identification of the offender
  • Identification / location of evidence
  • Identification of the witnesses
  • Gathering information
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39
Q

Area Canvas - Benefits

A
  1. Sighting of the victim / offender before or after the event
  2. Sighting of the relevant property / vehicles
  3. Sighting of the potential witnesses
  4. Opportunity to early arrest through early ID of the suspect
  5. Obtaining key info to drive the investigation / develop lines of enquiries
  6. Promoting awareness of a significant occurrence
  7. Eliminating of unidentified persons / vehicles reported by other witnesses
  8. Obtaining accurate report of local communities
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40
Q

Area Canvas - Criminal Profiling Unit may assist with…

A

Setting parameters or identification of the locations whether the suspect is likely to be frequent / reside

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41
Q

Area Canvas - Information regarding notebooks on the briefings

A

Evidence of possible probation values is to be recorded in FWS (rather than notebooks)

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42
Q

Area Canvas - OC Area Canvas is to ensure the staff morale remains high by…

A
  1. Providing regular feedback on how enquiries contribute the progress of the investigation
  2. Providing updates on other enquiries
  3. Visiting regularly during the area canvas
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43
Q

Area Canvas - OC Area Canvas is to update master record with the following information

A
  1. Addresses visited
  2. Occupants interviewed
  3. Any relevant comments made
  4. Documentation completed
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44
Q

Area Canvas - At the completion of area canvas, the OC Area Canvas is to submit a report to OC Investigation outlining…

A
  1. Summary of all actions taken
  2. Any significant findings
  3. Any actions undertaken outside the original phase strategy
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45
Q

FLO - FLO is to determine the interview requirements for the witness / friends considering

A
  1. Whether the witness requires special consideration
    (Due to personal characteristics or nature of the offence)
  2. Availability of the witness
  3. Any needs the witness has for special assistance
  4. The optimum approach to be taken with the witness
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46
Q

Witness - By maintaining the contact with the witness, the Police is more likely to become aware of…

A

Threats / Intimidation / Interferences

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47
Q

Witness - How can witness refresh their memories before Court

A
  1. Reading previously signed statement

2. Reading DVD interview transcript

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48
Q

Witness - Situation where the witness can enter the National Witness Protection Programme

A

Situation where a serious threat to life is understood to exist

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49
Q

Witness - How can anonymity of the witness be obtained?

A

By an application or order from the Judge

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50
Q

Witness - Preserving / Recovering evidence from the witness

A
  • Before an interview, preserve/recover all available physical evidence from the witness (fibre, fluid, etc)
  • Consider forensic examination of the witness (fingernails scrap, hair comb)

To preserve/recover physical evidence from the witness, consider:

  1. DNA swabs - areas where the witness was touched by the offender
  2. DNA swabs - any blood on the witness
  3. DNA swabs - any other relevant areas on the witness
  4. Forensic medical examination (fingernail scraps, hair comb, etc)
  5. Seizure of clothes / footwear
  6. Seizure of any other items touched by the offender
  7. Avoid cross contamination (use different vehicles / interview rooms)
  8. Photo of the witness at the scene
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51
Q

Witness - Initial Questioning of the witness

(Brief Scope Interview)

A
  1. What happened
  2. Where it happened
  3. Who was involved
  4. What the witness did
  5. Where the witness went
  6. What the witness touched
  7. Who touched the witness
  8. Who else was present
  9. Description of those people
  10. What others did / said
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52
Q

Witness - Obtaining key material of the witness at the scene

Initial Action

A
  1. Obtain full details of people at the scene
  2. Assemble people in a clear area accompanied by the police
  3. Isolate the witnesses from each other (to avoid contamination)
  4. Brief interview of the witnesses
  5. Establish if anyone has left the area
  6. If witness made a phone call, establish the number and who answered
  7. Record registration numbers of any vehicles in the vicinity (nearby)
  8. Seize CCTV footage in the vicinity
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53
Q

OC Suspect - Responsibilities

A
  1. Obtaining info about suspect / POI as they are identified by OC investigation
  2. Thoroughly profiling / investigation any suspect / POI to enable OC investigation to establish their involvement in an offence or to eliminate them from enquiries
  3. Seeking evidence to cover the ingredients of the offence
  4. Mitigating and dealing with possible defences that may be raised
  5. Providing a basis for further investigation
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54
Q

OC Suspect - Categories of managing the suspect

A
  1. Identification and profiling
  2. Arrest and termination
  3. Interviewing
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55
Q

OC Suspect - Initial Brief of the suspect team

A
  1. Circumstances of the offence / scene analysis / witness evidence
  2. Full details of any suspect / POI
  3. Description of the suspect provided by the witness
  4. Whether modus operandi / criminal signature has been identified
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56
Q

OC Suspect - Factors that may influence setting of investigation priorities

A
  1. Weight of evidence against a person
  2. Likelihood of the person to leave the area
  3. A particular urgency in solving the case
  4. Availability of staff
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57
Q

OC Suspect - 12 sources which may contain info about the suspect

A
  1. Bank records
  2. CCTV / Other images
  3. Personal computer information
  4. Telco info
  5. Voice report system
  6. Subscriber / Customer info
  7. Access / Door security system
  8. Tachographs
  9. Vehicle GPS
  10. Toll records
  11. Cell phones
  12. Internet websites
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58
Q

OC Suspect - Six factors indicating that e suspect requires special considerations

A
  1. Linguistic
  2. Cultural
  3. Religious
  4. Medical conditions
  5. Impairment
  6. Disability
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59
Q

OC Suspect - Avoiding cross-contamination when dealing with the suspects

A
  1. Make an appreciation - which staff is to seize the clothing
  2. Assign separate officer to each suspect
  3. Keep the suspects apart (including transport and custody)
  4. Clothing is to be packaged/labelled/sealed in accordance with the standard operational procedures
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60
Q

File Manager - Who appoints the File Manager / Who the File Manager reports to

A

2IC

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61
Q

File Manager - Primary role of FM

A

An investigator

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62
Q

File Manager - Main Functions

A
  1. Assist with establishing/maintaining the investigation headquarters
  2. Operate the paperwork flow in accordance with the Serious Crime Document Management System outlined in the Serious Crime Template
  3. Manage the electronic and physical files relating to the investigation
  4. Support 2IC by reading the docs / highlighting important info to the 2IC
  5. Assist 2IC with identification/recording of evidential material
  6. Complete synopsis for all docs received (excluding covert police activities)
  7. Ensure flow of info throughout of investigation
  8. Assist with the Prosecution File preparation
  9. Assist with the Trial management
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63
Q

File Manager - Who decides how the file is to be managed

A

2IC

64
Q

File Manager - Six factors to consider in establishing the investigation headquarters

A
  1. Location
  2. Office support
  3. Transport
  4. Equipment
  5. Communication
  6. ICT requirements
65
Q

File Manager - FM provides link between

A

2IC and the investigators

66
Q

File Manager - Who generates and issues the directives

A

2IC

67
Q

File Manager - Purpose of reviewing file by FM

A
  1. Establish if any enquiries are still outstanding
  2. Conduct assessment of enquiries currently underway to establish if they are still relevant
  3. Review sub-investigation and critical phases of the investigation
  4. Prepare for any external reviews that may occur
68
Q

Disclosure Manager - IA upon an appointment

A
  1. Read the Disclosure Management desk file
  2. Access the Serious Crime Template to use during the investigation
  3. Report to 2IC to receive a briefing / tasking / establishing what information is and is not discoverable and ongoing supervision
69
Q

Disclosure Manager - 8 key responsibilities

A
  1. Ensure that relevant and discoverable material is disclosed to the defence
  2. Ensure that relevant non-discoverable material is identified / listed and the defence is advised
  3. Risk assessment to ensure that non-discoverable material is not disclosed
  4. Ensure that lawful justification exist to withhold the material
  5. Completing and maintaining the Disclosure Index
  6. Manage the disclosure timeframes
  7. Retain the correspondence with the defence in 50,000 series category
  8. NIA updates on the facts of disclosure / record of / delivery
70
Q

Disclosure Manager - s.10(4) Criminal Disclosure Act 2008

A

Disclosure may be supplied in whatever form, including electronically, that the person disclosing the information holds it in at the time of the request, provided this will be readily accessible to the defendant.

Consideration must be given as to whether the defendant has ready access to a computer, particularly if remanded in a prison.

71
Q

Disclosure Manager - What is to be provided to the Crown

A

An identical copy of all material disclosed to the defence AND unedited material copy of the material if appropriate.

72
Q

Disclosure Manager - Who is ultimately responsible for making decisions in relation to the disclosure?

A

2IC

73
Q

OC Exhibit - Definition of ‘exhibit’

A

Any item which comes into the possession of the Police during the course of investigation, whether or not it is eventually tendered in formal evidence.

74
Q

OC Exhibit reports to…

A

2IC

75
Q

OC Exhibit - Appreciation / Interrogating an exhibit (OC Exhibit is to establish…)

A
  1. Evidential value of each exhibit
  2. Investigative opportunities presented by each exhibit
  3. Further enquiries required
76
Q

OC Exhibit - Updating OC / 2IC

A
  1. What exhibits have been found and their movements
  2. Result of any exhibit examination
  3. Any further enquiries required
77
Q

OC Exhibit - The standards must be met to receive an exhibit…

A
  1. Exhibit label contains the exhibit number and Ops Name
  2. Exhibit is correctly packaged and sealed, exhibit label is visible and secured outside of the exhibit package
  3. Actions to preserve an exhibit have been taken
78
Q

OC Exhibits - Purpose of Forensic Strategy Meeting

A

To determine which exhibit or other forensic examination is required and the priority of those examinations

79
Q

OC Exhibits - 5 Topics that may be covered during the Forensic Strategy Meeting

A
  1. What examinations ESR (or others) could conduct on the exhibits
  2. Priority of each examination
  3. Any further work required to assist with reconstruction
  4. Plan of any further work required to assist with reconstruction
  5. An agreed reconstruction of events relevant to the crime under investigation
80
Q

OC Exhibits - Chain of Custody (OC Exhibit must be able to demonstrate)

A
  1. When received the custody of an exhibit and from whom
  2. Where and how the exhibit was security stored
  3. When / Why / How the exhibit was moved from one place to another
  4. How exhibit was treated / safeguarded / preserved
  5. When / Why he custody of the exhibit was transferred from one person to another
81
Q

OC Exhibits - Protection of integrity of the Electronic Exhibit Register

A

Only OC Exhibits and a typist have a password access to the Electronic Exhibit Register

83
Q

OC Exhibits - The manner the exhibits re to be prepared for the production in the court

A
  1. Clearly demonstrating evidential value of the exhibit

2. Avoiding any risks of injury / disease / accident / contamination / damage

85
Q

Purpose of the Team Conference in investigation of a major crime

A
  1. Keep the members up to date with the investigation development
  2. Opportunity for the members to exchange views / information
  3. Opportunity for the 2IC to instruct staff on the file management and other admin matters
  4. Opportunity for the 2IC to brief the team on important investigative topics / priorities / lines of enquiry to follow
86
Q

OC Body - Police staff to attend PM

A
  1. OC Investigation
  2. OC Body
  3. Designated PM exhibit officer (if required)
  4. Police Photographer
  5. SOCO / Fingerprints technician
87
Q

Area Canvas - 4 Factors to consider in risk assessment

A
  1. Violent offender
  2. Suspect is wanted by the Police for other crimes / warrant
  3. Group with a particular linguistic / cultural needs
  4. Local incidents / issues the residents may rise with the Police
88
Q

Area Canvas - 7 resources / tools available to OC Area Canvas

A
  1. Street map
  2. Aerial photos
  3. Geological information
  4. Local council records
  5. Open source Internet applications
  6. Police Intel system
  7. Public libraries
89
Q

Area Canvas - 4 alternative approaches available to OC Area Canvas

A
  1. Media
  2. Poster campaign
  3. Mail drop
  4. High profile Police presence using a caravan
90
Q

Actions to be taken with an officer who had an initial contact with an informant

A

An officer who had an initial contact with an informant is to be debriefed with the full record of their account.
This might be crucial in case the informant becomes a suspect.

91
Q

Witness - 7 Types of evidence that may be recovered from a witness

A
  1. DNA
  2. Fingerprints
  3. Clothing
  4. Footwear
  5. Fibres
  6. Body fluids
  7. Glass
92
Q

Witness - Purpose of the risk assessment of the witness interview

A

To establish an extend to which the witness might be at risk of intimidation / physical harm.

93
Q

Witness - When particulars of the alibi witness are notified concerning a matter in respect of which the proceedings have been commenced, the investigator may do the following…

A
  1. Make enquiries to determine the veracity of alibi
  2. Conduct enquiries on the alibi witnesses as directed by OC Investigation / Crown (including NIA checks)
  3. Forward the results of those enquiries to the Crown (including the statements)
94
Q

OC Suspect - Arrest Strategy

A
  1. An investigator is to be appointed to each suspect.
    Early appointed allows time for preparation
  2. Decision to prosecute / charges / prosecution process follows the Solicitor-General’s Prosecution Guidelines
  3. Position of the Police on bail
  4. Authority to engage the Crown obtained from PPS
  5. Family of the deceased is updated via FLO
  6. Prompt preparation of the Prosecution File
  7. Disclosure Manager / File Manager comply with the Disclosure Act 2008
95
Q

OC Exhibits - Responsibilities in relation to examination of the exhibits

A
  1. Ensure the exhibits are examined as per the Forensic Strategy Meeting
  2. Maintain awareness of a significance of each exhibit and what examination may be available
  3. Determine / Plan / Record he examination and interrogation of each exhibit to establish its relevance to the investigation
96
Q

Witness - Instructions to the witness before the court

A
  1. Do not contact / communicate with the jurors
  2. Do not discuss the case in a public area while waiting to give evidence
  3. Do not discuss the case after they have given their evidence
97
Q

OC Body - Information from the Pathologist in relation to the skeletal remains

A
  1. Whether the remains are actually bones
  2. Whether the bones are human
  3. Age / Gender / Height / Race of the person
98
Q

OC Body - Equipment for PM (15 items)

A
  1. MEK
  2. Toxicology kit
  3. Firearm residue kit (if appropriate)
  4. Body labels
  5. Pre-printed exhibit labels
  6. Exhibit packaging supplies (labels / envelops / tapes / etc)
  7. Scene Exhibit Schedule
  8. Range of available exhibit numbers (obtained from OC Exhibits)
  9. Notebook / Pens for PM
  10. Brown paper
  11. Protective clothing
  12. Photo of the scene showing the body in situ
  13. POL47
  14. POL265
  15. POL265A
99
Q

OC Exhibits - Responsibilities before a Trial

A
  1. Transport the exhibits to / from the court
  2. Exhibit security in the court
  3. Production of the exhibits as directed by the Prosecutor
100
Q

Initial Action - Info to be obtained from an informant prior to attendance (11 points)

A
  1. Full details of the informant
  2. Demeanour of the informant
  3. Relationship to the victim / suspect
  4. ID suspect
  5. ID victim
  6. Details of any other persons present
  7. Precise location of a scene
  8. Any hazards for the Police at the scene
  9. What info is known
  10. Details of any action taken by the informant
  11. Circumstances leading to the discovery
101
Q

Initial Action - An informant may be asked (in case of delay)

A
  1. Return / Guard the scene
  2. Do not enter an obvious scene boundaries
  3. Do not touch / move anything
  4. Prevent others from entering / touching
  5. ID themselves to the attending Police
102
Q

Initial Action - Victim alive but injured

A
  1. Call ambulance / Consider resuscitation
  2. Record the original position / movements
  3. Obtain details of ambulance staff / destination
  4. Accompany the victim to the hospital
103
Q

Initial Action - Victim at the hospital (11 points)

A
  1. Obtain medical opinion on current medical conditions
  2. Seize the clothing / possessions
  3. ID victim
  4. Obtain blood sample using a toxicology kit
  5. Seize the bandages used to cover gunshots / record their position
  6. Obtain firearm residue samples
  7. Photo injuries
  8. DNA from victim’s skin (relevant areas)
  9. Details of the visitors
  10. Prelim interview of the victim
  11. Prelim interview of the ambulance staff
104
Q

Initial Action - Scene (Identify (8) / Secure (7) / Preserve (5) / Consider (1) / Record (5))

A

Identify the Scene

  1. Initial assessment of the scene
  2. Consider powers under S&S
  3. Establish CAP
  4. Establish headquarter and SFP
  5. Identify other relevant scenes
  6. Note / Record observations
  7. Who is present / what’s happening
  8. Early SITREP to Comms

Secure the Scene

  1. Consider securing the scene (s.116 S&S)
  2. Remove people causing minimum disturbance
  3. Cordon scene using tape
  4. Brief Scene Guards
  5. Establish Crime Scene Log
  6. Prevent unauthorised entry / leaving
  7. Prevent damage / loss of evidence

Preserve the Scene

  1. Establish the best path to the scene
  2. Record actions / movements
  3. Preserve evidence / leave in situ / do not touch
  4. Preserve evidence that may be lost
  5. Stepping plates

Consider
1. Photo of the scene / people present

Record

  1. Photo / Video of the scene
  2. Sketch
  3. Crime Scene Log to secure integrity
  4. Original position of the items moved
  5. Early SITREP to OC
105
Q

Initial Action - Suspect at the scene (12 points)

A
  1. Separate the suspect from others
  2. Record conditions (injuries / drug / alcohol / 1M)
  3. Remove from the scene / ask to co-operate
  4. If refuses - consider arrest
  5. Ensure BOR / Caution
  6. Search the suspect / belongings / vehicle
  7. Search the routes taken to / from the scene
  8. Avoid cross contamination
  9. Record appearance / behaviour
  10. Record anything they say / prelim interview
  11. DVD interview
  12. Early SITREP to OC
106
Q

OC Body - OC Investigation responsibilities prior to PM

A
  1. Notify the Coroner
  2. Arrange PM
  3. Brief / Consult with a Pathologist about X-Ray / CT scans
107
Q

OC Body - Appreciation prior to body removal (10 points)

A
  1. Notification / Response from the Coroner
  2. Opinion of pathologist / ESR / Crown
  3. Opinion of other experts
  4. Examination required prior to removal
  5. Best method / route to remove the body
  6. Supervision of removal
  7. Chain of custody from a scene to a mortary
  8. Custody of exhibits
  9. Cultural responsibilities
  10. Safety - Protective clothing
108
Q

OC Body - 5 Samples at the scene

A
  1. Insects
  2. Fingerprints
  3. DNA
  4. Fibre / Hair / Glass
  5. Firearm residue
109
Q

OC Body - Appreciation prior PM (9 points)

A
  1. Authority from the Coroner
  2. ID victim
  3. Briefing / Consultation with the pathologist
  4. Custody of exhibits
  5. Who is to attend PM
  6. Special requirements for PM
  7. Additional resources (photographer / designated exhibit officer)
  8. Cultural responsibilities
  9. Likelihood of additional PM
110
Q

OC Body - Who may attend PM (non-Police) (9 points)

A
  1. Coroner
  2. Pathologist
  3. Pathologist’s assistant
  4. Doctor who treated a victim
  5. Doctor representing the victim (Coroner’s authority)
  6. Doctor representing the suspect
  7. Any other doctor (Coroner’s authority)
  8. Police
  9. Anyone else authorised by the Coroner
111
Q

OC Body - On arrival at the mortary (5 points)

A
  1. Ensure the mortary staff do not wash the body
  2. Ensure the body is labelled and secured in a fridge
  3. Ensure the body remains in its present condition
  4. Retain the key from the fridge
  5. Arrange for formal ID of the victim (OC’s authority)
112
Q

OC Body - Pathologist is to cover the following… (3 points)

A
  1. Description of the body (weight / height / build / eye colour / etc)
  2. Appearance of the body (external)
  3. Any special kits used to collect the samples (toxicology kit / etc)
113
Q

OC Body - Secondary PM may be directed by the Coroner if…

A
  1. Pathologist is unable to establish a cause of death
  2. Suspect’s lawyer requests an independent PM
  3. Under an Order from Solicitor-General
114
Q

FLO - Prior to being stood down, FLO is to ensure…

A
  1. Victim support is ongoing

2. OC is provided with family contacts

115
Q

FLO - Post Conviction contact with the family

A
  1. The victim family has the right to be on the Victim Notification Register and to be informed of that right
  2. The police is to ensure the family has an opportunity to be advised of the offender prison release
116
Q

FLO - Property Return (4 points)

A

FLO is to liaise with the OC Exhibit to return the property to the victim’s family.

FLO is to consider the following:

  1. Whether the family wishes the property to be returned
  2. In what condition they wish it to be returned
  3. Advise family if any delays in property return
  4. Ensure all tags were removed prior to returning the property
117
Q

FLO - Sources of info to profile the victim - PEOPLE (11 points)

A
  1. Friends
  2. Colleagues
  3. Partner
  4. Associate
  5. Social media
  6. Hobbies / habits
  7. Travel movements
  8. People along the route they are known to take
  9. Suppliers / Customers
  10. Religious / Cultural leaders
  11. Other people they come in contact with
118
Q

FLO - Sources of info to profile the victim - PASSIVE SOURCES (10 points)

A
  1. NIA
  2. Medical / Mental history
  3. HSMU
  4. Mobile / Landline records
  5. Internet usage
  6. Vehicle record
  7. Banking / Financial record
  8. Diary / Letters
  9. Family photo / video
  10. Immigration check
119
Q

FLO - Financial Support

A
  1. $1500 Grand to the family of homicide victim
  2. Up to 30 hours of free counselling for the family of homicide victim
  3. ACC can contribute towards the cost of funeral
120
Q

FLO - When the offender is arrested, FLO is to…

A
  1. Inform the family of the Victim Notification Register
  2. Obtain family’s view on bail and inform the court
  3. Inform the family of:
    - charges laid / reason for charges not being laid
    - release on bail and bail conditions
    - applications made by the offender / the family’s view on them (eg name suppression)
121
Q

OC Area Canvas - Timing of Area Canvas Phase

A

Initial Area Canvas is to be carried out when the Police first arrive.
Formal Area Canvas follows the Initial Area Canvas and re-visits the locations to capture the people missed during the Initial Area Canvas.

In some cases Area Canvas is to be conducted at the same time as the original offence to capture the people who regularly pass through the area.

122
Q

OC Area Canvas - Identifying Time Parameters (4 points)

A

The time parameters are set to interview the potential witnesses.
Time set for:
1. Offence (when the offence is thought to have occurred)
2. Scene (when the offender / victim / witness were at the location)
3. Sighting (when the offender / victim / witness were seen at the location)
4. Previous residents / visitors at the scene

123
Q

OC Area Canvas - Identifying Location Parameters (7 points)

A

Relevant locations may include:

  1. Scene
    - where the offence occurred
    - where the offender / victim / witness were present
    - where vehicle / property / clothing were found
  2. Premises witching the line of sight
  3. Routes taken to / from the scene
  4. Location where the offender may have lain in wait
  5. Location where the victim was last seen alive
  6. Location frequent by the victim
  7. Location identified by Intel
124
Q

OC Area Canvas - Identifying the suspect / POI

A

When it is established that the suspect / POI is resides / works in a particular location, the Area Canvas team is to:

  1. Identify all people who resides / works at that location
  2. Obtain accounts of their movements at the relevant time
125
Q

OC Area Canvas - Monitoring the Area Canvas

A

OC Area Canvas is to monitor the canvas in order to:

  1. Evaluate quality of completed work
  2. Identify lines of enquiries and inform 2IC
  3. Monitor ongoing process of Canvas
  4. Facilitate the detailed recording process
126
Q

Key elements of Homicide (3 key elements)

A
  1. Victim
  2. Suspect
  3. Location
127
Q

OC Witness - Following Communities are to be considered in locating the witnesses (5 points)

A
  1. Cultural
  2. Religious
  3. Occupational
  4. Sport
  5. Clubs
128
Q

OC Witness - Enquiries to be conducted within communities to locate witnesses (4 points)

A
  1. CCTV viewing
  2. Media release / appeal
  3. Area Canvas
  4. Road Checks
129
Q

OC Witness - Initial enquiries to locate witnesses may be conducted in the following locations (6 points)

A
  1. Location where the victim was last seen alive
  2. Location of initial contact with the suspect
  3. Location of assault
  4. Location of murder
  5. Location of body disposition
  6. Access / Escape routes
130
Q

OC Witness - Prelim interview with the witness may assist with (4 points)

A
  1. Early ID of the offender
  2. Recovery evidence / info relevant to the investigation
  3. Prevention of destruction of evidence
  4. Prevention of further offending
131
Q

OC Witness - Interviewing Officer (5 points)

A
  1. Must be level 2/3
  2. Forensic Child Interviewer for children
  3. Must be experienced
  4. Must be suitable
  5. Must be fully briefed before the interview
132
Q

OC Witness - Interview Plan (5 points)

A
  1. Time / Location
  2. Interview objectives
  3. Info to be disclosed
  4. Arrangements for interview monitor
  5. Interview structure (whether it will be video / audio / written)
133
Q

OC Witness - Interview Debrief (3 points)

A
  1. Debrief on the interviewer
  2. Need for an additional interview
  3. Risk assessment / ongoing support and safety of the witness
134
Q

OC Witness - Supporting the witness (4 points)

A
  1. Explain the court procedures
  2. Keep informed on what to expect / when and where they are required
  3. Consider Victim Support
  4. Advise on suspect’s arrest / bail release / bail conditions
135
Q

OC Suspect - Definition of the suspect

A

Suspect is a POI with connection to the circumstances of the offence, such as:

  • motive
  • means
  • opportunity
136
Q

OC Suspect - Briefing / Debriefing

A

OC Suspect is to conduct regular briefing / debriefing with the team about the enquiries conducted and their results to endure the flow of information.

137
Q

OC Suspect - identifying the suspect (7 points)

A
  1. Fingerprints
  2. DNA
  3. Witness evidence
  4. CHIS
  5. Area Canvas
  6. Media
  7. Intel
138
Q

OC Suspect - Suspect Description Schedule (2 points)

A

Upon analysis of the statements and interviews, a description schedule can be prepared and distributed to:

  1. Area Canvas / Search Team / Investigation Team
  2. Media release
139
Q

OC Suspect - Suspect’s Residence Enquiries (7 points)

A

Where the suspect is unknown, but the residence has been identified, the following enquiries are to be conducted:

  1. NIA
  2. Local council to ID property owner
  3. Area reconnaissance
  4. Surveillance
  5. Photo of people / vehicles that entering / leaving the property
  6. Production Order on the landline
  7. Production Order on the electricity / gas / water to ID the owner
140
Q

OC Suspect - Trace, Interview and Elimination Enquiries

A

TIE is a method of identification of group of people that. Any include the suspect.
TIE is created by common characteristics of the people that may include the suspect (victim’s relatives / associates / people who have an access to the scene).
Upon completion of TIE, the suspect team tracing, interviewing and eliminating people from enquiries using an elimination set criteria.

141
Q

OC Suspect - Intel Categories - Info about the suspect

9 points

A

All available information about the suspect is to be obtained, including (but not limited to):

  1. Full name
  2. Home / work address
  3. Cell phone / Landline numbers
  4. Previous History
  5. Medical History
  6. Vehicles
  7. Photos
  8. Associates
  9. Firearm licence / access
142
Q

OC Suspect - Preparing for the Suspect interview (9 points)

A
  1. Selection of the interviewer (level 2 / 3)
  2. Selection of the interview mode (unusually DVD)
  3. Establishing the person’s status (witness / POI / suspect)
  4. Establishing of the person is required special consideration
  5. Ensure the interviewer is fully briefed
  6. Ensure the interviewer is aware of the ingredients / possible defences / motive
  7. Ensure the interviewer is familiar with the Suspect Investigative Interviewing Procedures
  8. Ensure the interview plan is prepared
  9. Consult with other experts / legal advisers
143
Q

OC Suspect - Interviewing the suspect (3 points)

A
  1. Interview is conducted in accordance with the Suspect Investigative Interviewing Procedures
  2. Interview is monitored by supervisor / experienced detective
  3. Explanations sought in relation to any exhibits found
144
Q

OC Suspect - Arresting the suspect (4 points)

A
  1. Ensure the suspect is isolated from others
  2. Ensure BOR
  3. In case of juvenile, consider obligations under CYF Act 1989
  4. Consider search of suspect / belongings / vehicle / house (S&S or SW)
145
Q

OC Suspect - Medical Examination (4 + 2 Points)

A

The doctor is to:

  1. Note injuries
  2. Using MEK collect samples (as directed by OC) of:
    - blood
    - salvia
    - hair hair
    - pubic / body hair
    - fingernail scraps
    - swab of hands
  3. Swab of hands for firearm residue using a special kit
  4. Provide professional opinion on suspect’s condition

Also:

  1. Photo injuries
  2. Seek examination of the injuries
146
Q

OC Suspect - Obtaining Identifying Details (4 Points)

A

To confirm the suspect’s identity, obtain the flowing:

  1. Fingerprints (plan prints / footprint) and DNA
  2. Photo (front / profile / full height / injuries / tattoos / etc)
  3. Sample of handwriting
  4. Record of physical description
147
Q

OC Suspect - Documentation upon arrest (3 Points)

A
  1. NIA updated
  2. WTI expired
  3. Message sent to the Deputy Commissioner
148
Q

OC Exhibits - Who should appointed as OC Exhibits

A

An experienced officer, preferably qualified detective, with previous experience of:

  1. Mass exhibit handling
  2. Method of exhibit recovery
  3. Forensic principles
  4. Managing contamination and cross contamination
  5. Use of the serious crime templates
149
Q

OC Exhibits - Purpose

A

Establishing and maintaining exhibit management system and maintaining security and continuity of the exhibits.

150
Q

OC Exhibits - Who may attend the Forensic Strategy Meeting (8 points)

A
  1. OC Investigation
  2. 2IC
  3. Crime Scene Coordinator / OC Scene
  4. OC Exhibits
  5. Anyone else deemed necessary by OC Investigation, including:
    - pathologist
    - ESR
    - fingerprint technician
    - SOCO
    - OC Body
    - other experts
151
Q

OC Exhibits - Forwarding Exhibits for examination (7 points)

A
  1. Ensure examination decision confirmed at the Forensic Strategy Meeting
  2. Update Exhibit Register
  3. Ensure OC’s authority for examination
  4. Prepare POL143 / other paperwork
  5. Ensure the exhibits are properly prepared (packaged / labelled / numbered / accompanied by POL143)
  6. Delivery exhibits for examination
  7. Inform the experts if the examination is no longer required
152
Q

OC Exhibits - Duties after the Trial (2 points)

A
  1. Return / Secure the exhibits in P&E

2. OC Investigation is to decide what exhibits are to be retained / disposed of

153
Q

OC Exhibits - Exhibit Number Range

A
  • must be consistent
  • allows delegation
  • copes with multiple scenes
  • be compatible with technology
  1. Admin - 10000
  2. Victim - 15000
  3. Witness - 20000
  4. Area Canvas - 25000
  5. Scene - 30000
  6. Suspect - 70000
154
Q

OC Exhibits - Scene Exhibit Officer Responsibilities

A

Appointed by OC Investigation / CSC / OC Scene.

Responsible for:
Custody / Security / Recovery of the exhibits in a particular scene.
(Collecting / numbering / labelling / handling / etc)

155
Q

OC Exhibits - Forms to be used instead of POL268 (4 points)

A
  1. Scene Exhibit Schedule
  2. Exhibit Register
  3. Chain of Custody
  4. FWS
156
Q

OC Exhibits - Scene Exhibit Schedule contains the following info… (8 points)

A
  1. Exhibit number
  2. Description
  3. Name of Op
  4. Location of the scene
  5. Location of exhibit (where found)
  6. Name of finder
  7. Date / time of seizure
  8. Signature
157
Q

OC Exhibits - What is the Exhibit Register?

A

Electronic document.

Master record of all exhibits obtained during the investigation.

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