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Serious Crime > Serious crime > Flashcards

Serious crime Flashcards

1
Q

What information should you gain from the informant/complainant which will assist the investigation?

A
  • ID and location of the suspect
  • A first hand account of what the complainant/informant knows
  • Precise details of the location of the scene
  • Circumstances leading to the discovery
  • ID of the victim
  • Details of anyone else at the scene
  • Full contact details of the complainant/informant
  • Demeanour of the complainant/informant
  • relationship of complainant/informant to the victim/suspect
  • Details fo the action the complainant/informant had taken and where they have been
  • Details of any hazards or safety issues that may affect police approaching the scene or victim
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2
Q

What is the first priority when attending a scene?

A

Making an appreciation and a risk assessment.

Before initial action can be undertaken, those in charge at the scene must conduct an appreciation on the known information, to dictate how, why and what form of initial action should take place.

Subject to an appreciation of risks, a reconnaissance should be conducted to establish who is present at the scene which may include other injured people or a hidden offender.

THE FIRST PRIORITY WILL ALWAYS BE TO ENSURE THE SAFETY OF THE ATTENDING POLICE MEMBERS.

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3
Q

Initial actions to preserve the scene?

A
  • IDENTIFY:
    Includes ID of the crime scene itself, an initial scene assessment, consideration of warrantless powers, Possible approach paths or CAP for all movements.
  • SECURE:
    Effect removal of all persons out of the scene with minimum disturbance, establish cordons using police tape, arrange briefed scene guards, arrange crime scene logs, prevent unauthorised persons entry.
  • PRESERVE:
    Consider the CAP, record any movements (in/out), preserve what is there leaving in situ, if no immediate risk to life then consider stepping plates, be ready to take immediate action to preserve and make records of decisions
  • CONSIDER:
    If initial photos of the scene and persons present are necessary
  • RECORD
    The integrity of the scene with scene logs, observe and note precise details (victim location), complete a scene sketch, photos of the scene and consider video, ID anything that was moved and note original positions, make an accurate record of facts and report them to the OC early
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4
Q

How can an ILO help an investigation?

A

Can assist with cultural issues relating to the victim or other involved in the investigation. This will assist with the progress of the investigation, establish positive relations and avoid the potential for inadvertent offence being caused.

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5
Q

What to do if Media are present at the scene?

A

Keep them away from the immediate scene cordon and make no comment about the incident. Consult with the OC investigation and on arrival, explain what has happened, ID media members and where they are located.

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6
Q

Who should be appointed as OC Body?

A

The appointment of OC body should be an experienced investigator with an awareness of forensic issues.

Where this is not possible, the OC body may require additional support and/or mentoring.

The appointment of an additional deputy to assist the OC body as ‘Scene Exhibits officer’ specifically during the PM should also be considered

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7
Q

What is the primary role of the OC body during a PM?

A
  • Attend the briefing of the pathologist by the OC investigation and contribute as required
  • Ensure the Police photographer take appropriate and sufficient photos of the body (before clothes removed, after clothes removed and during the PM). The pathologist will direct the photographer
  • Preserve evidence from the body
  • record, label and secure all exhibits and samples associated with the body
  • Arrange for fingerprints and palm prints to be taken, if required.
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8
Q

What directions must you give the photographer in relation to the body at the mortuary?

A

Ensure there are sufficient and appropriate photographs of:

  • The body before it is stripped
  • The body after it is stripped
  • Close up photographs of any wounds, marks, internal injuries and unusual features. These photos must include a measuring scale placed in proximity to the feature being photographed, to make a permanent record of the dimensions of the feature
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9
Q

When can you write down notes during a PM?

A

The OC body MUST NOT make any notes of discussions concerning the PM examination, unless specifically directed to by the OC investigation and/or the pathologist.

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10
Q

What is the primary function of the FLO?

A

The FLO manages the day to day management of the partnership between the family of the deceased and the police investigation.

The primary function of an FLO is that of an investigator and not a support person.

However, in performing this role, the FLO must also offer, facilitate and co-ordinate support that addresses the needs of the family.

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11
Q

What does the term family include?

A

The term ‘FAMILY’ includes:

  • partners
  • parents
  • siblings
  • children
  • guardians
  • whanau
  • any others who have had a direct and close relationship with the victim
  • Includes ‘chosen’ family
  • Should reflect the victim’s culture and lifestyle
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12
Q

What are the main objectives of an area canvas?

A
  • Identifying the offender
  • Identifying and locating evidence, such as vehicles, discarded clothing, weapons and other articles
  • Identifying witnesses
  • Gathering information
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13
Q

Specialist police units (Criminal Profiling Unit and geographical profiling) may assist with what in an area canvass?

A

Specialist police units may assist in identifying location parameters and may be consulted to assist with setting parameters or identifying locations where suspects are likely to frequent or reside

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14
Q

At the conclusion of an area canvass the OC should issue a report to the OC investigation outlining what?

A

The report should include:

  • A summary of all action taken
  • Any significant findings highlighted
  • Attention drawn to any action that has been undertaken which was outside of the original phase strategy.
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15
Q

In investigating an alibi, the OC suspects must?

A

Alibi witnesses must not be interviewed by police except at the request of the Crown Solicitor.

In investigating any alibi offered, the OC suspects must:

  • Make enquiries of people other than the persons whose particulars have been supplied to confirm or rebut evidence in support of the alibi
  • Complete enquiries to establish where the suspect was at the time of the offence, who they were with and what they were doing
  • Wherever possible, corroboration of the alibi provided by the suspect should be sought from forensic or other sources that are independent of the suspect
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16
Q

What should you debrief your suspects team on?

A

The OC suspects should analyse the information available such as witness statements, police reports and information from the scene.

Their initial briefing should encompass:

  • The circumstance of the offence including analysis of the scene and witness evidence available
  • The full details of all persons of interest and any suspect, where the identity of the suspects are known
  • Details of any description of the suspect provided by the witnesses (a schedule of descriptions may be prepared to assist)
  • Whether any particular modus operandi/crime signatures have been identified.
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17
Q

When interviewing a suspect, the OC suspects must ensure that the interviewer…?

A

During any interview the OC suspects must ensure that:

  • The interview is conducted in accordance with the ‘investigative interviewing suspect guide’
  • The interview is monitored by a supervisor or experienced detective to ensure that all key points and areas are covered
  • Ensure an explanation is sought from the suspect in relation to any exhibits found.
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18
Q

What must the Crown be provided in relation to disclosure?

A

The Crown should be provided with an identical copy of all material that is disclosed to defence counsel.

The Crown should also review an un-edited copy of the material, where appropriate.

This material should remain under the control of the file manager while it is being reviewed.

19
Q

OC exhibits is responsible for the evidential value of each exhibit and what else?

A
  • The investigative opportunities presented by each exhibit

- Further enquiries that are needed.

20
Q

What are 4 responsibilities of the OC exhibits?

A

Establishing required standards for the:

  • recovery
  • Handling
  • Labelling
  • Storage
  • Submission to experts
  • Presentation at court
  • Disposal of exhibits.
21
Q

What topics are covered in the forensic strategy meeting?

A

Topics covered may include:

  • What examinations ESR and other could conduct on exhibits
  • The priority that each exhibit should receive
  • Whether any further work is needed to assist a reconstruction
  • A plan for any work to be completed that is required to assist the reconstruction
  • An agreed reconstruction of the events relevant to the crime under investigation
22
Q

A prompt prelim interview with a witness may rapidly progress the investigation by…?

A

A witness may have information that may lead to:

  • Early identification or arrest of a suspect
  • Recovery of evidence or information relevant to the offence
  • Prevention of the imminent disposal or destruction of evidence connected to the investigation
  • Prevention of the commission of other offences
23
Q

What to update the OC investigation on as OC exhibits?

A
  • What exhibits have been found, and their movements
  • Examination results
  • Whether any further enquiries are required.
24
Q

Aspects that might influence the priority of investigating a suspect may include..?

A
  • The relative weight of evidence against a suspect
  • The likelihood of them leaving the area
  • A particular urgency in solving the case
  • Availability of staff
25
Q

As OC exhibits you should attend all team conferences. What is your role at these conferences?

A
  • Make the exhibit register available
  • Update others regarding exhibits which have been found
  • Advise of the result of expert examinations conducted
26
Q

OC exhibits should arrange forensic strategy meetings with the OC investigation. You should ensure that an appreciation is conducted to ensure….?

A

Appreciations should be conducted to ensure:

  • Every exhibit is interrogated to establish its evidential value and investigative relevance
  • To identify any further enquiries required
27
Q

List key points in relation to the responsibility of OC body?

A

The OC body MUST:

  • Ensure that the death has been certified
  • Maintain security and continuity of the body, sample and exhibits, from the scene to the commencement of the PM
  • Secure and guard the body, body samples and any exhibits relating to the body with dignity and respect
  • Note and record observations relating to the body
  • Note details of medical staff or others who have attended the victim
  • Record what actions have been taken by any party in respect of the body
  • Establish if the body has been moved or disturbed
  • Ensure that the body is photographed in situ and consider video.
  • Complete sudden death procedures
  • On authority of the OC investigation, arrange transportation of the body to the mortuary.
28
Q

OC Suspects responsibility?

A

OC suspects is responsible for supervising the members of the suspects team for the purpose of:

  • Obtaining info about suspects and POI’s as they are identified by the OC investigation
  • Thoroughly profiling and investigating all suspects and POI’s to enable the OC investigation to establish their involvement in the offence or eliminate them
  • Seeking evidence to cover all ingredients of the offence(s)
  • Mitigating and dealing with possible defences that may be raised, where appropriate
  • Providing a basis for further investigation
29
Q

What is the purpose of a scene guard?

A

A scene guard and the log maintained by that person is in order to ensure:

  • There is no unauthorised entry into the scene
  • Integrity of evidence or potential evidence is secured
  • Intelligence opportunities are maximised
  • Contamination issues are managed.
30
Q

How do you refresh a witness’s memory before court?

A

OC witnesses should, at Court, request the witness to refresh their memory by reading over any previously signed statements or interview transcripts

31
Q

Who should be appointed as OC body?

A

The OC body should be an experienced investigator with awareness of forensic issues.

Where this is not possible the OC body may require additional support/mentoring.

The appointment of an additional deputy to assist the OC body as ‘scene exhibits officer’ specifically during the PM should also be considered.

32
Q

Who should be appointed as OC Suspects?

A

The OC suspects should be a CIB supervisor of Detective Sergeant rank, in common with those in charge of other phases.

33
Q

What should staff carrying out area canvasses be aware of? (Risk managaement)

A

Staff should be aware of:

  • Violent offenders
  • Persons wanted by Police for other crimes of wanted on warrant
  • Groups with particular linguistic or cultural needs
  • Local incidents or issues which residents may raise with Police.
34
Q

What is a discreet area canvass?

A

In some circumstances it may be necessary to conduct a covert area canvass phase, such as to identify persons who may avoid a particular area if they are aware that there is a police presence.

Eg. A covert canvass may be used to identify persons attending an area to pick up prostitutes.

35
Q

What is the purpose of a PM?

A

The primary reason for conducting a PM is to determine the cause of death.

36
Q

How does the pathologists findings assist in a homicide case?

A

The pathologists findings will provide information to drive the investigation which may include:

  • Determining where possible, the mode and time of death
  • Establishing how injuries and/or events at the scene may have contributed toward the death of the victim
  • Determining the nature and size of any weapon(s) used
  • Determining approximate height and stature of the suspect
  • Providing areas of interest for subsequent interviews of witnesses and/or suspects
  • Negate possible defences
  • Identifying the victim, if identity has not been established
37
Q

Key responsibilities of the disclosure manager?

A

The disclosure manager must:

  • Ensure all relevant and discoverable material is provided to defence counsel
  • Ensure all relevant and non-discoverable material is identified, listed and defence advised
  • Continually assess the risk to ensure that non-discoverable material is identified and not disclosed
  • Continually review to ensure that the ongoing lawful justification to withhold exists for each document that is withheld.
  • Ensure that robust auditable systems are employed to record disclosure decisions and actions
  • Manage disclosure timeframes within the provisions of the act, or as otherwise directed by the courts
38
Q

Obligations when counsel is reassigned?

A

Police have an obligation where the legal representative of the defendant is replaces, to ensure that the replacement counsel is provided with all material previously disclosed.

39
Q

What is a FLO plan and what should it include?

A

The family liaison plan is a dynamic process which must be reviewed in consultation with the FLO, at regular intervals.

The plan should be recorded and consider:

  • Selection of the FLo and criteria employed for the selection
  • Exit plan for the FLO
  • Objectives of the FLO
  • Assessing the most appropriate methods of conducting interviews with family members, including the use of specialist interviewers where appropriate.
  • Information to be released and withheld from the family
  • Requests made by the family which have not been agreed to, and the reasons for this
  • Complaints made by the family and the OC investigation’s actions to progress and resolve the issues raised.
40
Q

Topics covered during a forensic strategy meeting?

A

Topics covered during a forensic strategy meeting may include:

  • What examinations ESR and other could conduct on exhibits
  • The priority each exhibit should receive
  • Whether any further work is needed to assist with a reconstruction
  • A plan for any work to be completed that is required to assist with a reconstruction
  • An agreed reconstruction of the events relevant to the crime under investigation.
41
Q

What are the duties of a scene guard?

A
  • Secure scene
  • Record details
  • Control movements
  • Record movements
  • Brief others
  • Avoid disturbance
  • Protect scene
  • Brief replacement
  • Respect security
  • Demonstrate curtesy
    Inform others
42
Q

In relation to the serious crime investigation principles, what things should you do to maintain high standards?

A
  • Have an investigative mindset
  • Have the ability to apply the appreciation technique to think through issues to ensure the best possible course of action is followed
  • Always consider how your decisions will look under cross-examination 18 months later when case proceeds to trial
  • Pay meticulous attention to detail
  • carry out your assignment tasks efficiently
  • value the importance of professionalism, integrity and objectively in conducting investigations
  • Have good communication skills (oral and written)
  • Work as a team
43
Q

What are the different types of team conference?

A
  • Initial conference
  • Regular conference
  • Debriefing conference
  • phase team conferences - run by the OC phase and attended by their staff only
44
Q

The purpose of conducting a team conference is to…?

A
  • Keep all members of the team up to date with developments of the enquiry
  • Give team members the opportunity to exchange views and pass on important information
  • Give the 2IC the chance to pass on instructions to staff on file management and other administrative matters
  • Give the officer in charge the chance to brief the team on important investigative topics, priorities and which lines of enquiry to follow.

Serious Crime (1 decks)

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