Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SEPSIS > sepsis > Flashcards

sepsis Flashcards

1
Q

colonisation

A

the presence of a microbe in the human body without inflammation (staph aureus on skin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

infection

A

inflammation due to a microbe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

bacteraemia

A

presence of a viable bacteria in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

sepsis

A

life threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host repsonse to infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

septic shock

A

circulatory and cellular/ metabolic dysfunction associated with high risk mortailty
-attempt made at volume resus but still hypotensive
(due to low TPR and due to vasodilation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

pathogen

A

any microorganisms that has the potential to cause disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

virulence

A

likelihood of causing a disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

prodome

A

little bit ill before proper illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is SIRS?

A

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

SIRS criteria?

A

temp >38 or < 36
HR>90
RR>20
WCC>12000 or <4000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is SOFA?

A

sequential organ function assessment score

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

qSOFA criteria?

A

RR>22
sBP<100
altered GCS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What news score indicates infection?

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is infection?

A

invasion and multiplication of micro organisms within the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

symptoms of infection?

A
  • cough
  • dysuria
  • abdo pain
  • pain
  • ab bloods
  • confusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

septic shock?

A

hypotension despite fluid resus (30ml/kg) and vasoopressors (adrenaline and noradrenaline)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the sepsis 6?

A

GIVE 3 TAKE 3
give O2- aiming for 94-98%, if concerned measure ABG
give fluids- 0.9% NaCl saline solution (hartmanns) aiming for MAP >65mmHg
give antibiotics- broad spec, amoxicillin, metronidazole and gentamicin
take lactate- high lactate= sign of hypoperfusion
take urine output- marker of organ perfusion
take blood- for culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what do you do if MAP <65mmHg after resus?

A

add vasopressors (noradrenaline) via CVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How many blood cultures do you take?

A

1 (3 if suspected endocarditis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what do you do it there is an abscess present?

A

Drain it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is empirical management?

A

very educated guess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

how do you assess pnuemonia?

A

curb 65

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how do you assess endocarditis?

A

dukes criteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what do toxins from bacteria cause?

A

vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is ascites a sign of?

A

peritonitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what indicated secondary bacterial peritonitis

A

history of trauma/perforated bowel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is amoxicillin used for?

A

gram +ve (enterococci)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is gentamicin used for?

A

gram -ve (coliforms)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is metronidazole used for?

A

anaerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

where are anaerobes most likely to be found?

A

in places with little o2 (ie bowel)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what grows on Mckonkey agar?

A

E.coli

32
Q

vibro shaped?

A

cholera

33
Q

what colonises in the mouth?

A

strep virdans
neisseria
anaerobes

34
Q

what colonises in the colon?

A

e.coli
klebsiella
enterobacter (coliforms)

35
Q

what colonises in the colon?

A

e.coli
klebsiella
enterobacter (coliforms)

36
Q

what colonises on the skin?

A

staph. aureus

37
Q

describe gram +ve bacteria wall

A

thick peptiglycan layer (purple)

38
Q

describe gram -ve bacteria wall

A

thin peptiglycan layer (pink)

39
Q

what to phagocytes target?

A

bacteria

fungi

40
Q

what do T lymphocytes target?

A

viruses

parasites

41
Q

what do antibodies and B lymphocytes target?

A

viruses

42
Q

what do eosinophils target?

A

fungi
parasites
worms

43
Q

what do mast cells target?

A

worms

44
Q

what cells does HIV target?

A

CD4+ CELLS

45
Q

describe alpha haemolysis?

A

partial
green
-virdans
pneumoniae

46
Q

describe beta haemolysis?

A

complete
white
-GAS
-strep pyrogenes

47
Q

describe gamma haemolysis?

A

no haemolysis
red
-enterococci

48
Q

what do sebaceous glands secrete?

A

antimicrobial peptides

49
Q

what are the main APC of the body?

A

langerhan cells

50
Q

Staphlcocci

A

catalase positive

  • staph epidermis
  • staph aureus
51
Q

Staphylcocci

A

catalase positive

  • staph epidermis (no haemolysis, coagulase -ve)
  • staph aureus (golden on blood agar)
52
Q

streptococci

A

strep virdans and strep pneumoniae (alpha haemolysis)
GAS- strep pyrogenes (beta haemolysis)
GBS-strep agalactaiae (beta haemolysis)

53
Q

Enterococci

A 
often in pairs 
intestine commensals
-e.faecalis
-e.faecium 
VRE- vancomycin resistant enterococci
54
Q

Gram +ve bacilli organisms:

A
  • listeria monocytogenes (GI, cheeses)
  • Clostridia (c.diff, c.perfringens- wound infections)
  • corynebacterium (diphtheroids)
  • bacillus cereus
55
Q

Enterococci

A 
often in pairs 
intestine commensals
-e.faecalis
-e.faecium 
VRE- vancomycin resistant enterococci (Tx: linezolid, daptomycin, tigecycline)
56
Q

penicillin binds to step pneumoniae enzymes that are required to synthesis peptidoglycan layer- inhibits it

A

if recent travel to areas with penicillin resistant strep then IV vancomycin

57
Q

Strep Bovis

A

typical endocarditis pathogen

requires colonoscopy due to risk of colon cancer

58
Q

Enterococci- in GI tract, UTI, endocarditis, bacteriaemia

how is it Tx?

A

AmoxicillinIV

  • amoxicillin/ co-trimoxazole oral = step down
  • vancomycin if amoxicillin resistant
59
Q

Tx of staph aureus?

A

Flucloxicillin IV in sepsis

Vancomycin in allergy or MRSA

60
Q

C.diff

A

Faecal-oral transmission

must wash hands after being in contact as spore forming and gel = not effective

61
Q

4 C’s

A

ciprofloxacin
co-amoxiclav
clindamycin
cefrazidime

62
Q

Tx of c.diff

A

oral vancomycin

63
Q

Tx of c.diff

A

oral vancomycin

64
Q

Gram -ve bacterias are mostly which shape?

A

bacilli

65
Q

what are antibiotics for Gram -ve bacteria?

A

beta lactams
- azatreonam (monobactam) purely active against gram -ve
aminogllycosides
-gentamicin (only if kindeys are ok)
macrolides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole, polumixins

66
Q

what are gram -ve cocci

A

neiserrria

gonorrhoea

67
Q

H.influenzae

A 
gram -ve coccobacillus
aerobic 
will not grow on chocolate agar 
vitro growth factors required (x factor- hemin and v factor)
Tx: amoxicillin and doxycycline
TYPE B CAPSULAR ANTIGEN
68
Q

What are some atypical pnuemonias?

A

all except strep.pnuemonia

69
Q

Tx of atypical pneumonias?

A

doxycyline or tetracycline or clarithromycin

levofloxacin if penicillin allergic

70
Q

Tx of atypical pneumonias?

A

doxycyline or tetracycline or clarithromycin

levofloxacin if penicillin allergic

71
Q

Tx of legionella

A

co-amoxiclav and levofloxacin

72
Q

what is legionella assoc w/

A

luke warm water and aerosolised water (showers, aircon)

73
Q

how do you diagnose legionella

A

urine antigen

74
Q

what are coliforms?

A

gram -ve rods eg E.coli, klebsiella, enterobacter

75
Q

treatment for coliforms

A

Gentamicin

76
Q

what is the likely causitive organism in endocarditis after a prosthetic valve?

A

strep virdans

SEPSIS (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions