Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CLASP Sepsis > Sepsis > Flashcards

Sepsis Flashcards

1
Q

What is colonisation

A

Presence of a microbe in the body without an inflammatory response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is infection

A

Inflammation due to a microbe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is bacteraemia

A

Presence of viable bacteria in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the definition of sepsis

A

The dysregulated host response to infection leading to life-threatening organ dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is septic shock

A

Subset of sepsis with circulatory and cellular/metabolic dysfunction associated with a higher risk of mortality
These patients will not get better despite adequate volume resuscitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the general indicator for sepsis

A

NEWS > 5 with a suspicion of infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is SIRS

A

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Higher the NEWS, the higher the mortality - true or false

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is qSOFA

A

A quick scoring system for sepsis

3 criteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

List evidence of infection

A 
Fever 
Abnormal bloods 
Cough 
Abdominal pain 
Confusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ARDS can be a consequence of sepsis - true or false

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the immediate management for sepsis

A

Sepsis 6
Take 3 - blood cultures, lactate and urine output
Give 3 - oxygen, IV fluids and IV antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe how fluids are given in the sepsis 6 bundle

A

Give a fluid challenge (set volume over a set time)
Prescribe 250-500mls over 15 mins (saline or Hartmanns)
Aim for MAP >65mmHg
Aim for 30ml/kg over the first 3 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Do you just do blood cultures in the sepsis 6

A

Not necessarily

Can also do sputum, urine or stool depending on the suspected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is high lactate a sign of

A

Hypoperfusion

Associated with a higher mortality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is urine output a marker for

A

Organ perfusion

17
Q

What urine output should you aim for

A

0.5mls per kilo per hour

18
Q

In hours 2-6 after sepsis diagnosis, what are you aiming for

A

Improvement in NEWS, haemodynamic stability and reduction in lactate
Continue resuscitation in this time

19
Q

If the sepsis 6 bundle does not improve the condition what is happening

A

The patient is in septic shock

Need to escalate treatment and send to MHDU

20
Q

If MAP remains below 65 after fluid resuscitation what do you do

A

Give noradrenalin (vasopressor) via central line

21
Q

Why is sepsis increasing

A 
Better at recognising it 
Increased elderly population
Increased use of invasive surgery 
Bacterial resistance 
Increased numbers of immunocompromised patients
22
Q

What are risk factors for sepsis

A 
Extremes of age 
Immunocompromised 
Malignancy 
Trauma 
Burns 
Co-morbidities such as diabetes 
Alcohol and drug abuse
23
Q

List some late complications of sepsis

A 
Functional limitations 
3x higher rate of cognitive impairment 
Mental health 
40% readmitted within 90 days
Higher risk of recurrent infection, kidney impairment and CV disease 
Residual organ damage 
Impaired immune function
24
Q

What is post-sepsis syndrome

A

Causes a variety of emotional and physical problems
E.g. myalgia, insomnia, sensory change, mood swings
Lasts 6-18 months

25
Q

List common symptoms of sepsis

A 
High or low temperature
Uncontrolled shivering 
Low urine output 
Blotchy rash 
Confusion
26
Q

What is virulence

A

Likelihood of a pathogen causing disease

27
Q

In which situation is staph epidermidis likely to cause disease

A

If there is prosthetic material such as plastic or metal

28
Q

What is a strict aerobe

A

Organisms that require oxygen for growth, such as Pseudomonas

29
Q

How does sepsis affect the CV system

A

Hypotension due to widespread vasodilatation leading to fall in total peripheral resistance

30
Q

How do you correct hypotension in sepsis

A

fluid resuscitation +/- inotropes / vasoconstrictors

31
Q

How does sepsis affect the respiratory system

A

Endothelial injury within lung tissue / capillary leak
Diffuse alveolar oedema
Respiratory failure, needing supplemental oxygen

32
Q

How does sepsis affect the kidneys

A

Acute kidney injury - rise in Urea/Creatinine or oligo-anuria due to renal hypoperfusion

33
Q

How does sepsis affect the liver

A

Gives you ‘shock liver’

Elevated ALT/AST +/- jaundice

34
Q

How does sepsis affect the CNS

A

Delirium / acute confusional state due to diffuse cerebral hypoperfusion / dysfunction
May become drowsy / decreased conscious level

35
Q

How does sepsis lead to lactic acidosis

A

Diffuse tissue hypoperfusion / hypoxia
Anaerobic metabolism leads to lactic acid production -> metabolic acidosis
Acidosis worsens cardiovascular stability

36
Q

What blood markers are raised in sepsis

A

IL-6, CRP and white cell count

37
Q

What blood markers are lowered in sepsis

A

Platelets

CLASP Sepsis (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions