Seperation Techniques

Question 1

How to use a separating funnel:

Answer 1

Shake two immiscible liquids together

They will separate out into two layers

Denser liquid sinks to bottom, less dense forms layer on top

Layers can be separated by using a sf with a tap

Tap opens to drain off denser liquid into a beaker

Question 2

An example of something that can be separated by a separating funnel:

Answer 2

A mixture of oil and water

Question 3

What does fractional distillation do:

Answer 3

Separates out miscible liquids

Question 4

Process of fractional distillation:

Answer 4

Air filtered to remove dust

Then cooled to around -200C and becomes a miscible mixture of liquids

During cooling water vapour condenses and is removed

CO2 freezes and is removed

Liquified air enters the fractionating column and is heated slowly

Remaining gasses separated by fractional distillation.

Oxygen and argon come out together so another column is used to separate them

Question 5

When would you use a separating funnel:

Answer 5

To separate immiscible liquids