Separations & Purifications

Question 1

What separatory method isolates a solid from a liquid ?

Answer 1

Filtration

• Residue: solid
• Filtrate: liquid

Question 2

Distillation takes advantage of the differences in what of liquids ?

Answer 2

Boiling point

Question 3

What are the differences between simple, fractional, & vacuum distillation ?

Answer 3

SD: ONLY on liquids w/ BP<150 degrees Celsius & have @ least 25 degrees celsius difference

VD: Distilling a liquid w/ a BP>150

FD: Distills liquids w/ close BP (less than 25C difference)

Question 4

Substances migrating @ different speeds is known as ?

Answer 4

Partitioning

Question 5

What is the retardation factor equation ?

Answer 5

Rf = distance spot moved/distance solvent front moved

Question 6

What are the different column chromatographies ?

Answer 6

Ion-exchange chromatography: bead column coated w/ charged substances so they attract or bind the opposite compounds

Size exclusion: beads contain tiny pores in column to trap smaller particles

Affinity: protein of interest bound by antibody specific column

Gas/Vapor-phase: uses gas eluent (volatile, substances w/ <1250 Da, low polarity)

High-performance liquid: uses liquid eluent @ low pressure