Separation Techniques Fractional Distillation

Question 1

Fractional Distillation separates

Answer 1

Miscible liquids

Question 2

Step 1

Answer 2

Mixture is heated. At 78°C ethanol begins to boil, some water evaporates too, so mixture of ethanol and water vapour rises up column

Question 3

Step 2

Answer 3

Vapours condense on glass beads in the column making them hit

Question 4

Step 3

Answer 4

When the beads reach about 78°C ethanol vapour no longer condenses on them. Only water vapour does. The water drips back into the flask while the ethanol is forced into the condenser.

Question 5

Step 4

Answer 5

Ethanol vapour condenses in Liebig condenser

Liquid ethanol drips into collecting beaker

Question 6

Step 5

Answer 6

Eventually reading on the thermometer goes above 78°C. This shows all the ethanol has been removed