Separation techniques and the periodic table

Question 1

what is a mixture?

Answer 1

a substance made by mixing other substances together.

Question 2

What is a solution?

Answer 2

mixture of two or more substances in relative amounts that can be varied continuously up to what is called the limit of solubility. The term solution is commonly applied to the liquid state of matter, but solutions of gases and solids are possible.

Question 3

What is a pure substance?

Answer 3

Contains only 1 element or a compound.

Question 4

How can you tell if something is a pure substance?

Answer 4

Pure substances can be identified by comparing the melting point found in the experiment with published reference data of what the melting point should be.

Question 5

Name 4 ways you can separate a mixture

Answer 5

Evaporation, distillation, filtration and chromatography

Question 6

What is evaporation?

Answer 6

the process of turning from liquid into vapour.

Question 7

What is distillation?

Answer 7

Distillation is a process where a mixture made of two or more liquids with different boiling points can be separated from each other.

Question 8

How are evaporation and distillation different?

Answer 8

evaporation is a process that involves a change in the state of matter while distillation is a process of separation.

Question 9

Describe how to carry out filtration

Answer 9

A beaker containing a mixture of insoluble solid and liquid. There is filter paper in a filter funnel above another beaker. The mixture of insoluble solid and liquid is poured into the filter funnel. The liquid particles are small enough to pass through the filter paper as a filtrate. The solid particles are too large to pass through the filter paper and stay behind as a residue.

Question 10

What is chromatography used for?

Answer 10

Chromatography is used to separate dissolved coloured substances.

Question 11

Describe how to carry out chromatography

Answer 11

You need filter paper with a pencil line draw from 2 centimeters up. Wrap the top around a popsicle once then add a paper clip draw on dots on line with sharpie then add your water then leave it.

Question 12

What are the columns of the periodic table called?

Answer 12

A group

Question 13

What are the rows of the periodic table called?

Answer 13

A period

Question 14

Describe a trend of the group 1 elements

Answer 14

the further you go down the more reactive it is.

Question 15

Describe a trend of the group 7 elements

Answer 15

The melting points and boiling points of the halogens increase going down group 7.

Question 16

What is special about group 0?

Answer 16

The group 0 elements are placed in the rightmost column of the periodic table. They are called the noble gases because they are all chemically unreactive