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DS 9D Chemistry > Separation techniques > Flashcards

Separation techniques Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an element?

A

An element is a substance that is made up of only ONE TYPE of atom. E.g. copper is an element because it is made up of millions of copper atoms.

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2
Q

What is a mixture?

A

A mixture is formed when different substances are mingled together but they are not chemically bonded together.

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3
Q

When a substance does not dissolve in a solvent it is said to be ______________.

A

Insoluble

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4
Q

When a substances dissolves in a solvent it is said to be _______________.

A

Soluble

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5
Q

Which separation technique separates magnetic materials from non-magnetic materials?

A

Magnetism

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6
Q

Which separation technique separates a soluble solid by boiling off the liquid? e.g. a mixture of salt and water

A

Evaporation

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7
Q

Which separation technique would separate an insoluble solid from a liquid e.g. sand and water?

A

Filtration

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8
Q

Which separation technique separates liquids/inks of different colours?

A

Paper chromatography

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9
Q

Which separation technique separates liquids with different boiling points

A

Distillation

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10
Q

What is filtration used to separate?

A

Filtration separate insoluble solids from a liquid e.g. sand and water?

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11
Q

What is the name of the substance left behind in the funnel after filtration has taken place?

A

Residue

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12
Q

What is the name of the substance that is filtered through the funnel and collected at the end?

A

Filtrate

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13
Q

How does the change of state of liquid to a gas occur?

A

Evaporation

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14
Q

What is a solvent?

A

A liquid (e.g. water) in which a solute can dissolve to form a solution.

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15
Q

What is a solute?

A

A solute is the substance that dissolves in the solvent.

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16
Q

What is a solution?

A

A mixture of a dissolved solute in a solvent

17
Q

What is a saturated solution?

A

A saturated solution that contains the maximum amount of solute. No more will dissolve.

18
Q

In general how does temperature affect the solubility of a solute in solvent?

A

As the temperature increases the solubility of the solute also increases. i.e. more solute will dissolve as the temperature goes up.

19
Q

Which of the particle diagrams A, B, or C represents an mixture?

A

C

20
Q

Which of the particle diagrams A, B, or C represents an compound?

A

B

21
Q

Why does particle diagram A represent an element?

A

Because the substance is made up of only ONE TYPE of atom.

22
Q

Which of the particle diagrams A, B, or C represents an element?

A

A

23
Q

In this case sand is left behind in the filter paper.

What is the name for the insoluble substance (label A) that does not pass through the filter paper?

A

Residue

24
Q

What type of separation technique is shown by the diagram?

A

Filtration

25
Q

What is the term used for the liquid that passes through the filter paper (label B)?

A

Filtrate

26
Q

What is the name of the piece of equipment labelled Y in the diagram?

A

Bunsen burner

27
Q

What is the name of the piece of equipment labelled X in the diagram?

A

Evaporating dish (or evaporating basin)

28
Q

What is the name of the separation technique shown in the diagram?

A

Evaporation

29
Q

Why could you not use filtration to separate seawater (i.e. a mixture of water and salt)

A

Because seawater is a mixture of water and dissolved salt. Both water and salt particles would pass through the filter paper into the filtrate.

30
Q

How many coloured substances are in the purple ink?

A

There are 2 coloured substances (red and blue) in the purple ink.

31
Q

Which colour is a mixture of blue, yellow and red inks?

A

Brown

32
Q

Look at the chromatogram in the diagram. Which colour is the most soluble?

A

Yellow is the most soluble. The most soluble substances travel furthest along the chromatography paper.

33
Q

By what process does the gas turn back into a liquid in the condenser?

A

The gas cools and condenses. In this way the gas changes state to a liquid.

34
Q

By what process does the liquid in the round bottomed flask turn into a gas?

A

The liquid boils and then evaporates.

35
Q

What is the name of the separation technique shown in the diagram?

A

Distillation

DS 9D Chemistry (8 decks)

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