Separation Techniques

Question 1

An element is…

Answer 1

a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance.

Question 2

A compound is…

Answer 2

a group of elements that are chemically bonded.

Question 3

A mixture is…

Answer 3

a group of elements and/or compounds that aren’t chemically bonded

Question 4

Out of elements, compounds and mixtures, which is/are impure?

Answer 4

Mixtures

Question 5

If water is impure, how will this affect the boiling point compared to pure water and why?

Answer 5

The impure water will have a slightly higher boiling point than pure water because it contains small amounts of bacteria and other substances.

Question 6

The liquid in a solution is called a ____

Answer 6

solvent

Question 7

The solid in a solution is called a _____

Answer 7

solute

Question 8

The solute ________ in the solvent to make a solution

Answer 8

dissolves

Question 9

How does temperature affect the solubility of solvents?

Answer 9

As the temperature increases, solubility increases

Question 10

What is solubility?

Answer 10

a measurement of the maximum mass of a substance which will dissolve in 100 g of water at a particular temperature.

Question 11

Why when the temperature increases, the solubility increase?

Answer 11

When the solvent is warmer, they have more kinetic energy so they can move faster. This means that when they collide with the solute, the bonds in the solute can be broken down more easily. Since the solubility increases the saturation point increases as well.

Question 12

What does soluble mean?

Answer 12

If a substance is able to dissolve in an solvent.

Question 13

What does insoluble mean?

Answer 13

An substance that doesn’t dissolve in a solvent.

Question 14

What is saturation?

Answer 14

Saturation is the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved.

Question 15

What is the saturation point?

Answer 15

The point of which no more solute can be dissolved in a solvent.

Question 16

How does a filter work?

Answer 16

A filter has small holes in it which allow for particles which are smaller than the holes to funnel through while the larger particles which are usually the solute get left behind. This can separate the solute and solvent from a solution. However, if the solute is small enough it can fit through the holes of the filter.

Question 17

Can we drink filtered water? Why/why not?

Answer 17

No because filtered water doesn’t filter out bacteria which can make us ill if we drink too much of it.

Question 18

What is the substance the can move through the filter called?

Answer 18

The filtrate

Question 19

What is the substance that is left behind the filter called?

Answer 19

The residue

Question 20

What is evaporation?

Answer 20

Evaporation is the change of state from liquid to a gas.

Question 21

What is water’s boiling point?

Answer 21

100°C

Question 22

What is condensation?

Answer 22

The change of state from a gas to a liquid.

Question 23

What is distillation?

Answer 23

The process in which a mixture of water is heated up at 100°C so the water evaporates and it is cooled down and collected.

Question 24

What does chromatography do?

Answer 24

It separates the substances in a mixture by putting it on chromatography paper on a pencil line and putting the paper just above some water.

Question 25

What does the substance have to be in order for chromatography to work?

Answer 25

soluble

Question 26

If there is only one colour on a piece of chromatography paper and the substance is soluble, what can we learn about the substance?

Answer 26

The substance is pure.

Question 27

Can we drink distilled water? Why/Why not?

Answer 27

Yes we can because the bacteria has been boiled and only the water has been collected.