Separating Mixtures and flame tests Flashcards
What is an atom?
An atom is the smallest particle of an element
What is a molecule?
A molecule is a particle that consists of two or more atoms that are chemically combined.
What is an element?
An element is a substance that consists of only one type of atom and cannot be easily separated.
What is a compound?
A compound is a substance that consists of two or more elements that are chemically combined. A compound does not retain its characteristics.
What is a mixture?
A mixture is where two or more substances are mixed but not chemically combined, iron and sulphur separate with magnet. Each element retains its characteristic properties
What is melting point?
It is the temperature at which a liquic changes to a gas.
What do you call a a substance which dissolves in water.
soluble (solute)
What do you call substances which does not dissolve in water.
insoluble
What is a solute?
It is the substance which dissolves in water e.g salt
What is a solvent ?
It is the liquid in which a solute dissolves. .
What is a solution?
It is formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent.
What is residue?
It is the solid which remains on the filter paper.
What is the filtrate?
It is the solution which passes through the filter paper.
What is a distillate?
It is the liquid which is collected after the condensation of a vapour during the distillation process.
What is miscible/Immiscible?
Liquids mix/ Liquids do not mix.
What is condensation ?
Condensation occurs when a gas changes to a liquid, vapour to water.
What is evaporation?
Evaporation occurs when a liquid changes to a gas below the boiling point.
What is a formulation?
It’s a useful product formed by mixing together, carefully measured quantities of different substances to ensure it has the required properties. fuels, cleaning products, paints and alloy wheels (light and good for handling the road)
Name the separating techniques
filtration, evaporation and crystallisation, simple distillation, fractional distillation separating funnel and chromatography.
what is potable water
Potable water is water that is safe to drink. PH from 6.5 to 8.5
What are the stages of water treatment?
filtration, sedimentation chlorination .
What do you call the process of removing dissolved substances from sea water?
Desalination
What is a flame test?
The flame test is used to visually determine the identity of an unknown metal ion based on the colour of the flame.
potassium - purple
calcium - brick red
lithium - crimson
sodium - orange
copper blue/green
