Separating mixtures Flashcards
What is a mixture?
A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded.
True or False: Mixtures can be separated by physical methods.
True
What is filtration used for?
To separate insoluble solids from liquids.
Fill in the blank: The process of separating a solid from a liquid using a porous barrier is called ______.
filtration
What is distillation?
A method used to separate mixtures based on different boiling points.
Which method would you use to separate salt from water?
Evaporation or distillation.
True or False: Chromatography can be used to separate colored substances.
True
What does chromatography separate based on?
The different affinities of substances to the stationary phase and mobile phase.
What are the two main types of chromatography?
Paper chromatography and column chromatography.
Fill in the blank: The component that moves faster in chromatography is known as the ______.
mobile phase
True or False: A magnetic separator can be used to separate iron filings from sand.
True
What type of mixture can be separated using a separating funnel?
Immiscible liquids.
Fill in the blank: The method used to separate a solid dissolved in a liquid by heating is called ______.
evaporation
What is an example of a homogeneous mixture?
Saltwater.
What is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?
Sand and gravel.
Fill in the blank: The technique that uses differences in solubility to separate substances is called ______.
extraction
What is the role of the stationary phase in chromatography?
To provide a medium for the separation of substances.
How can you separate a mixture of sand and salt?
Dissolve the salt in water, filter out the sand, and then evaporate the water.
True or False: All mixtures can be separated into their components.
True
What is the main characteristic of a pure substance?
It has a fixed composition and distinct properties.
What does the term ‘solubility’ refer to?
The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.
What equipment is commonly used for filtration?
Filter paper and a funnel.
Fill in the blank: The process of separating a liquid mixture into its components by boiling and condensing is called ______.
distillation
What is the main use of a separating funnel?
To separate two immiscible liquids based on density.
