Separating Mixtures

Question 1

Chemical,physical change

Answer 1

Physical change: no change in particles, just the particle arrangement and energy, easy to reverse e.g. mixing water and salt
 Chemical change: A chemical reaction takes place and a new substance is formed, very difficult to reverse e.g. burning a match
 During a chemical reaction the atoms rearrange to form a new substance. Might be seen by colour change, temperature
change, light being emitted or bubbles.

Question 2

Law of conservation mass

Answer 2

Matter can be changed from one form to another. During physical and chemical changes, there is no overall change in mass

Question 3

Mixture

Answer 3

A mixture consists of two or more substances mingled together but not chemically combined e.g. sand and water.
There are four methods of separating mixtures: Filtration Evaporation Distillation Chromatography

Question 4

Filtration

Answer 4

Used to separate small insoluble solids (do not dissolve in a liquid) from a liquid by using filter paper and a funnel to trap the solids. E.g. sand and water.

Question 5

Evaporation

Answer 5

Used to separate small insoluble solids (do not dissolve in a liquid) from a liquid by using filter paper and a funnel to trap the solids. E.g. sand and water.

Question 6

Distillation

Answer 6

Used to separate two liquids with different boiling points such as alcohol (boils at 78o) and water (boils at 100 o). Also used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid (e.g. seawater) to give a pure sample of each.

Question 7

Chromatography

Answer 7

Used to separate a mixture of dissolved substances in a solution. E.g. the different colours in a black marker.

Question 8

Mixture

Answer 8

Mixture – consists of two or more substances mingled together but not chemically combined
 Filtration – used to separate an insoluble solid and a liquid
 Insoluble – does not dissolve in a liquid
 Soluble – dissolves in a liquid

Answer 9

Residue - the soil left in the filter paper after filtration
 Filtrate - the clean water that comes after filtration
 Evaporation - used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid e.g. salt and water
 Solvent - the liquid that a solid is dissolved into
 Solute - the solid that is left behind after evaporation

Question 10

Distillation

Answer 10

 Distillation - method of separation used to separate a soluble solid and its solvent, or two miscible liquids with different boiling points

Question 11

Miscible

Answer 11

Miscible - Liquids that mix together e.g. alcohol and
 water

Question 12

Liebig condenser

Answer 12

Liebig condenser - piece of equipment used in
 distillation in which cool water flows to condense steam to water

Answer 13

Distillate - clean water at the end of distillation
 Chromatography - used to separate mixtures of substances that are in a solution e.g. dyes in ink
 Chromatogram - chromatography paper with separated ink
 Reactant: chemicals that react together in a chemical reaction
 Products: the substances formed after a chemical reaction