Separating Mixtures

Question 1

Physical change

Answer 1

no change in particles, just the particle arrangement and energy, easy to reverse e.g. mixing water and salt

Question 2

Chemical change

Answer 2

A chemical reaction takes place and a new substance is formed, very difficult to reverse e.g. burning a match

Question 3

During a chemical reaction

Answer 3

the atoms rearrange to form a new substance. Might be seen by colour change, temperature
change, light being emitted or bubbles.

Question 4

Law of conservation of mass

Answer 4

Matter can be changed from one form to another. During physical and chemical changes, there is no overall change in mass

Question 5

Filtration

Answer 5

Used to separate small insoluble solids (do not dissolve in a liquid) from a liquid by using filter paper and a funnel to trap the solids. E.g. sand and water.

Question 6

Evaporation

Answer 6

Used to separate soluble solids (dissolve in liquids) from a solution by evaporating off the liquid to leave the solids. E.g. salt water.

Question 7

Distillation

Answer 7

Used to separate two liquids with different boiling points such as alcohol (boils at 78o) and water (boils at 100 o). Also used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid (e.g. seawater) to give a pure sample of each

Question 8

Chromatography

Answer 8

Used to separate a mixture of dissolved substances in a solution. E.g. the different colours in a black marker.

Question 9

Insoluble

Answer 9

does not dissolve in a liquid

Question 10

Soluble

Answer 10

Dissolves in liquid

Question 11

Residue

Answer 11

the soil left in the filter paper after filtratio

Question 12

Filtrate

Answer 12

the clean water that comes after filtratio

Question 13

Evaporation

Answer 13

used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid e.g. salt and water

Question 14

Solvent

Answer 14

the liquid that a solid is dissolved into

Question 15

Solute

Answer 15

the solid that is left behind after evaporation

Question 16

Distillation

Answer 16

method of separation used to separate a soluble solid and its solvent, or two miscible liquids with different boiling points

Question 17

Miscible

Answer 17

Liquids that mix together e.g. alcohol and
water

Question 18

Liebig condenser

Answer 18

piece of equipment used in
 distillation in which cool water flows to condense steam to water

Question 19

Distillate

Answer 19

clean water at the end of distillatio

Question 20

Chromatography

Answer 20

used to separate mixtures of substances that are in a solution e.g. dyes in ink

Question 21

Chromatogram

Answer 21

chromatography paper with separated ink

Question 22

Reactant

Answer 22

chemicals that react together in a chemical reaction

Question 23

Products

Answer 23

the substances formed after a chemical reaction