Separating Mixtures

Question 1

Physical change

Answer 1

No change in particles just the particle arrangement and energy, easy to reverse e.g.bmixjng water and salt

Question 2

Chemical change

Answer 2

A chemical change reaction takes place and a new substance is formed, very difficult to reverse e.g. burning a match

Question 3

During a chemical change

Answer 3

The atoms rearrange to form a new substance. Might be seen by colour change, temperature change, light being emitted or bubbles

Question 4

Law of conservation of mass

Answer 4

Matter can be changed from one form to another p. During physical and chemical changes, there is no overall change in mass

Question 5

Mixture

Answer 5

Consists of two or more substances mingled together but not chemically combined e.g sand and water

Question 6

Four methods of separating mixtures

Answer 6

1.Filtration
2.evaporation
3.distillation
4. Chromatography

Question 7

Filtration

Answer 7

Used to separate small insoluble solids (do not dissolve in a liquid) from a liquid by using filter paper and funnel to trap the solids

Question 8

Evaporation

Answer 8

Used to separate soluble solids (dissolve in liquids) from a solution by evaporating off the liquid to leave the solids. E.g. salt water.

Question 9

Distillation

Answer 9

Used to separate two liquids with different boiling points such as alchohal (boils at 78o) and water (boils at 100 o). Also used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid (e.g. seawater) to give a pure sample of each.

Question 10

Chromatography

Answer 10

 Used to separate a mixture of dissolved substances in a solution. E.g. the different colours in a black marker.

Question 11

Mixture

Answer 11

consists of two or more substances mingled together but not chemically combin

Question 12

Filtration

Answer 12

– used to separate an insoluble solid and a liquid

Question 13

Insoluble

Answer 13

does not dissolve in a liquid

Question 14

Soluble

Answer 14

dissolves in a liquid

Question 15

Residue

Answer 15

• the soil left in the filter paper after filtration

Question 16

Filtrate

Answer 16

the clean water that comes after filtration

Question 17

Evaporation

Answer 17

used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid e.g. salt and water

Question 18

Solvent

Answer 18

• the liquid that a solid is dissolved into

Question 19

Solute

Answer 19

the solid that is left behind after evaporation

Question 20

Distillation

Answer 20

method of separation used to separate a soluble solid and its solvent, or two miscible liquids with different boiling poin

Question 21

Miscible

Answer 21

Liquids that mix together e.g. alcohol and water

Question 22

Liebig condenser

Answer 22

piece of equipment used in
 distillation in which cool water flows to condense steam to water

Question 23

 Distillate

Answer 23

• clean water at the end of distillation

Question 24

Chromatography

Answer 24

used to separate mixtures of substances that are in a solution e.g. dyes in ink

Question 25

Chromatogram

Answer 25

chromatography paper with separated ink

Question 26

Reactant

Answer 26

chemicals that react together in a chemical reaction

Question 27

Products

Answer 27

the substances formed after a chemical reaction