Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Master Separate Science - Physics > Separate Physics - 6.6 > Flashcards

Separate Physics - 6.6 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What two types of wave are there?

A

Transverse or longitudinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Give an example of a transverse wave

A
  • All electromagnetic waves
  • A ripple on water
  • A wave on a string
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give an example of a longitudinal wave

A
  • Sound waves in air
  • Ultrasound
  • Shock waves (e.g. some seismic waves)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What vibrations do transverse waves have?

A

Perpendicular (the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What vibrations do longitudinal waves have?

A

Parallel (the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do longitudinal waves show areas of?

A

Compression and rarefaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are waves?

A

Transfers of energy (the particles remain in the same place)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the wave feature: amplitude

A

The maximum displacement of a point on the wave from its undisturbed position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the wave feature: wavelength

A

The distance between the same point on two adjacent waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the wave feature: frequency

A

The number of complete waves passing a certain point in a second (1 Hz is 1 wave per second)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the wave feature: period

A

The amount of time taken for a full cycle of the wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is wave speed?

A

The speed at which the energy is transferred (or the wave moves) through a medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the wave equation all waves obey?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Separate Q. What can happen to waves at the boundary between two different materials?

A

They can be reflected, absorbed or transmitted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Separate Higher Q. What do sound waves, travelling through a solid, cause?

A

Vibrations within the solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Separate Higher Q. What causes the sensation of sound?

A

Sound waves cause the ear drum and other parts to vibrate: causing the sensation of sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Separate Higher Q. The is human hearing limited?

A

The conversion of sound waves to vibrations of solids works over a limited frequency range

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Separate Higher Q. Give an example of a process which converts wave disturbances between sound waves and vibrations in a solid

A

The effect of sound waves on the ear drum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Separate Higher Q. What is the normal human hearing range?

A

20 Hz to 20 kHz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Separate Higher Q. Detecting and exploring structures which are hidden from direct observations can be accomplished how?

A

Differences in velocity, absorption and reflection between different types of wave in solids and liquids aid this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Separate Higher Q. What properties does ultrasound have?

A

A frequency higher than the upper limit of hearing for humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Separate Higher Q. How do ultrasounds work?

A

Ultrasound waves are partially reflected when they meet a boundary between two different media: the time taken for the reflections to reach a detector determine the boundary distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Separate Higher Q. Why are ultrasounds useful?

A

Medical and industrial imaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Separate Higher Q. What produces seismic waves?

A

Earthquakes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Separate Higher Q. What are P-waves?

A

Longitudinal, seismic waves (travelling at different speeds between solids and liquids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Separate Higher Q. What are S-waves?

A

Transverse, seismic waves (unable to pass through liquids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Separate Higher Q. What do P-waves and S-waves provide evidence for?

A

The structure (and size) of the Earth’s core

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Describe electromagnetic waves

A

Transverse waves which transfer energy from the source of the waves to an absorber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What do electromagnetic waves form?

A

A continuous spectrum

30
Q

What velocity do electromagnetic waves travel at through a vacuum?

A

The same velocity

31
Q

List the waves of the electromagnetic spectrum in order of wavelength and frequency

A
32
Q

What EM waves can our eyes detect?

A

Visible light (only a limited range of the EM spectrum can be detected)

33
Q

Higher Q. When wavelength varies, different substances may do what?

A

Absorb, transmit, refract or reflect the EM waves differently

34
Q

Higher Q. What causes some effects, such as refraction?

A

The difference in velocity of a wave at the boundary between two different media

35
Q

Higher Q. What can oscillations in electrical circuits cause?

A

Radio waves

36
Q

Higher Q. How can radio waves themselves induce oscillations in an electrical circuit?

A

Radio waves can be absorbed, creating an alternating current with the same frequency as the radio wave itself

37
Q

What can cause EM waves being generated or absorbed over a wide frequency range?

A

Changes in atoms and the nuclei of atoms

38
Q

Where do gamma rays originate from?

A

Changes in the nucleus of an atom

39
Q

What EM waves can have hazardous effects on human body tissue?

A

Ultraviolet waves, X-rays and gamma rays

40
Q

What is a measure of the risk of harm resulting from an exposure of the body to radiation?

A

Radiation dose (sieverts (Sv))

41
Q

How may millisieverts (mSv) are in one sievert (Sv)?

A

1000 millisieverts (mSv) = 1 sievert (Sv)

42
Q

What danger does ultraviolet light pose?

A

Skin can age prematurely and increase the risk to skin cancers

43
Q

What danger do X-rays and gamma rays pose?

A

They are ionising radiation: mutations of genes and cancers

44
Q

What practical applications are there for radio waves?

A

Television and radio

45
Q

What practical applications are there for microwaves?

A

Satellite communications and cooking food

46
Q

What practical applications are there for infrared waves?

A

Electrical heaters, cooking food and infrared cameras

47
Q

What practical applications are there for visible light?

A

Fibre optics

48
Q

What practical applications are there for ultraviolet light?

A

Energy efficient lamps and sun-tanning

49
Q

What practical applications are there for X-rays and gamma rays?

A

Medical imaging and treatments

50
Q

Separate Q. How does a lens form an image?

A

Refracts light

51
Q

Separate Q. In a convex lens, where are parallel rays of light brought to a focus?

A

At the principal focus

52
Q

Separate Q. What is the focal length?

A

The distance from the lens to the principal focus

53
Q

Separate Q. What are ray diagrams used for?

A

The formation of images by convex and concave lenses

54
Q

Separate Q. What images can be produced by a convex lens?

A

Real or virtual

55
Q

Separate Q. What image is produced by a concave lens?

A

Virtual

56
Q

Separate Q. What image represents a convex lens?

A
57
Q

Separate Q. What image represents a concave lens?

A
58
Q

Separate Q. What does each colour within the visible light spectrum have?

A

Its own narrow band of wavelength and frequency

59
Q

Separate Q. What is specular reflection?

A

Reflection from a smooth surface in a single direction

60
Q

Separate Q. What is diffuse reflection?

A

Reflection from a rough surface, causing scattering

61
Q

Separate Q. How do colour filters work?

A

They absorb certain wavelengths (and colour) and transmit other wavelengths (and colour)

62
Q

Separate Q. What determines the colour of an opaque object?

A

Which wavelengths of light are more strongly reflected (wavelengths not reflected are absorbed)

63
Q

Separate Q. What happens if all wavelengths are reflected equally in an object?

A

It appears white

64
Q

Separate Q. What happens if all wavelengths are absorbed in an object?

A

It appears black

65
Q

Separate Q. Objects that transmit light can be fall into what two categories?

A

Transparent or translucent objects

66
Q

Separate Q. What do all bodies, no matter what temperature, do?

A

Emit and absorb infrared radiation

67
Q

Separate Q. What happens to the infrared radiation of a hotter body?

A

The hotter the body the more infrared radiation radiated in a given time

68
Q

Separate Q. What is a perfect black body?

A

An object that absorbs all of the radiation incident on it

69
Q

Separate Q. Since a good absorber is also a good emitter what would a perfect black body be?

A

The best possible emitter

70
Q

Separate Higher Q. How can the absorption and emission of a body at constant temperature be described?

A

The body is absorbing radiation at the same rate it is emitting it

71
Q

Separate Higher Q. When the temperature of a body increases what happens?

A

The body absorbs radiation faster than it emits radiation

72
Q

Separate Higher Q. What affects the temperature of the Earth?

A

The rate of absorption and emission of radiation, reflection into space, and radiation into space

Master Separate Science - Physics (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions