Separate Physics - 6.3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

How can the density of a material be calculated?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three states of matter?

A
  • Solid
  • Liquid
  • Gas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What affects the density of an object?

A

The material it is made of and how the particles are arranged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Draw a model of the particle arrangement for a solid

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Draw a model of the particle arrangement for a liquid

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Draw a model of the particle arrangement for a gas

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the phrase: “a change of state conserves mass” mean?

A

When materials change state this is a physical change where the number of particles (and the mass) remains the same

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the state changes

A
  • Melting (solid → liquid)
  • Freezing (liquid → solid)
  • Sublimating (solid → gas)
  • Boiling / evaporating (liquid → gas)
  • Condensing (gas → liquid)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens in a physical change of state to a material’s original properties?

A

The properties can be recovered if the change is reversed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is internal energy?

A

The energy stored by the particles which makes up a system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How can internal energy be calculated?

A

It is the total kinetic energy and potential energy of all the particles that make up the system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens to the internal energy of a system when heat is applied?

A

Heating the system transfers energy to the particles (gaining energy in their kinetic stores and moving faster) increasing the internal energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the specific heat capacity of a substance?

A

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of the substance by 1oC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does a change of state require?

A

Energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is specific latent heat?

A

The amount of energy needed to change 1kg of the substance’s state (without changing its temperature)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is specific latent heat of fusion?

A

A change of state from solid to liquid

17
Q

What is specific latent heat of vapourisation?

A

A change of state for liquid to vapour

18
Q

Draw a graphical representation and describe for a change of state involving temperature changes

A
19
Q

What is average energy in kinetic stores related to?

A

Temperature

20
Q

What happens to the particles of a gas when temperature is increased?

A

The average speed of the particles increases as the energy in the particles’ kinetic energy stores is ½mv2

21
Q

Explain what changing the temperature of a gas at constant volume causes

A

Increases the pressure as the particles move faster and hit the container walls more often

22
Q

What can a change in pressure cause?

A

A change in volume

23
Q

Why can work done cause a temperature increase in a gas?

A

Energy transferred by a force (work) transfers energy to the kinetic energy stores of the gas particles, increasing their temperature

24
Q

Separate Q. When a gas is compressed or expanded by pressure changes what does this cause?

A

The pressure produces a net force at right angles to the wall

25
Q

Separate Q. Why does increasing the volume in which a gas is contained, at constant temperature, decrease the pressure?

A

Increasing the volume spreads the particles out so they hit the container less often, decreasing the pressure

26
Q

Separate Higher Q. What is work?

A

The transfer of energy by a force

27
Q

Separate Higher Q. What does doing work cause to a gas?

A

It increases the internal energy and can cause an increase in the temperature

28
Q

Separate Higher Q. Explain why a bicycle pump doing work increases the temperature

A

The gas exerts a pressure (and force) and work has to be done against this, causing a transfer of energy to the kinetic energy stores (increasing the temperature)