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Biology 30 > Sensory Perception > Flashcards

Sensory Perception Flashcards

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0
Q

What occurs when the neural impulses arrive at the cerebral cortex?

A

Sensation

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1
Q

What do senses do?

A

Senses transmit sensory information in the form of electrochemical impulses to the brain.

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2
Q

What are the types of receptors?

A
  • Photoreceptors
  • Chemoreceptors
  • Mechanoreceptors
  • Thermoreceptors
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3
Q

What kind of receptors does the tongue contain?

A

Chemoreceptors

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4
Q

What are the five basic tastes?

A

Sweet, salty, sour, bitter and umami.

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5
Q

What does saliva do?

A

Saliva dissolves some of our food which has certain molecules detected by our taste buds.

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6
Q

What glands stimulate the brain stem whenever we taste, smell or think of goodies?

A

The salivary glands.

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7
Q

How do we perceive flavours?

A

We perceive flavours from the combination of taste information sent from our tongues and our sensory nerouns in our nose.

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8
Q

What percentage of what we think is taste is actually due to smell?

A

80 - 90 %

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9
Q

What substances are released in animals and humans which aid in the recognition and attraction of a mate?

A

They release substances called pheromones.

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10
Q

Pheromones are detected in the nose by a structure called…

A

The vomeronasal organ.

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11
Q

The skin contains more than four million sensory receptors which aren’t distributed evenly, many are concentrated in what areas?

A

The genitals, fingers, tongue and lips.

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12
Q

Receptors are what gather information and transmit it through sensory neurons to where?

A

The brain and spinal cord for processing and a possible reaction.

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13
Q

What is triggered when specialized sensors or nerve endings in the skin are activated by mechanical pressure or chemical signals?

A

Pain

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14
Q

What are nociceptors?

A

Nociceptors are nerve cells that release chemicals that trigger pain receptors to send impulses to the brain.

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15
Q

Light touch, pressure, pain, high and low temperature are examples of what?

A

Different stimuli.

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16
Q

Greatest concentrations of touch receptors are in the…

A

Genitals, fingers, tongue and lips.

17
Q

Senses relay information to the nervous system that allows the body to maintain..

A

Homeostasis.

18
Q

Mechanoreceptors for hearing and balance are in the…

A

Inner ear

19
Q

The chochlea, semicircular canals, utricle, and saccule oil all contain ______________ that react to movement.

A

Hair Cells

20
Q

Where a proprioceptors located?

A

In the muscles, joints and tendons.

21
Q

What receptors inform the brain of about the positions of body parts?

A

Proprioceptors and Mechanoreceptors.

22
Q

Sensory receptors in the tongue are called?

A

Taste buds

23
Q

Sensory receptors in the nose are called?

A

Olfactory cells

24
Q

Sensory receptors in the skin are called?

A

Temperature, pressure and pain receptors.

25
Q

All sensory receptors provide additional information to…

A

The brain

26
Q

Definition: A sensory receptor that transmits information about the solute concentration in a solution or about individual kinds of molecules in a solution.

What’s this a definition of?

A

Chemoreceptors

27
Q

Definition: A sensory receptor that detects physical deformations in the body’s environment associated with pressure, touch, stretch, motion and sound.

What’s this definition of?

A

Mechanoreceptors

28
Q

Definition: Sensory receptors that respond to light stimuli, allowing people to see images as well as colours.

What is this definition of?

A

Photoreceptors

29
Q

What is a Thermoreceptor?

A

A sensory receptor that detects heat or cold.

30
Q

What neuron is located in the olfactory epithelium that is specialized to receive chemical stimuli and to initiate a nerve impulse?

A

Olfactory (Receptor) Cell

31
Q

Perception is the interpretation of sensory information by the….

A

Cerebral Cortex

32
Q

What is a sensation?

A

A sensation is the reception and processing by the brain of a nerve impulse sent by an activated sensory receptor.

33
Q

Specialized mechanisms or functions by which an organism is receptive and responsive to a certain class of stimuli is called…

A

Senses

34
Q

The tendency of sensory neurons to become less sensitive when they are repeatedly stimulated is called…

A

Sensory adaption

35
Q

The receiving of stimuli involving touch, pressure, vibration and stretch is called…

A

Tactile Reception

36
Q

A taste bud is a sensory organ composed of what?

A
  • taste pores
  • taste cells
  • sensory fibres
37
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

Homeostasis is the tendency of the body to maintain a relatively consistent internal environment.

38
Q

What are the photoreceptor(s)?

A

• Vision

39
Q

What are the chemoreceptor(s)?

A
  • Taste
  • Smell
  • Internal Senses
40
Q

What are the mechanoreceptor(s)?

A
  • Touch, pressure, pain
  • Hearing
  • Balance
  • Body Position
41
Q

What are the Thermoreceptor(s)?

A

• Temperature

Biology 30 (2 decks)

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