sensory perception

Question 1

Question: Which symptom is most commonly associated with cataracts?

A. Sudden eye pain
B. Halos around lights
C. Gradual loss of peripheral vision
D. Floaters in the visual field

Answer 1

Answer: B
Rationale: Cataracts cause clouding of the lens, leading to blurred vision and halos around lights.

Question 2

Question: A patient asks why surgery is necessary for cataracts. What is the best response by the nurse?

A. “Surgery prevents total blindness from cataracts.”
B. “Surgery is the only way to remove the cloudy lens and improve vision.”
C. “Surgery reduces the risk of glaucoma caused by cataracts.”
D. “Surgery helps manage pain caused by cataracts.

Answer 2

Answer: B
Rationale: Cataract surgery replaces the cloudy lens with an artificial one, improving vision.

Question 3

Question: What postoperative instruction is most important for a patient after cataract surgery?

A. Avoid lying flat on your back.
B. Take prescribed antibiotics only if there’s pain.
C. Avoid heavy lifting and bending over.
D. Keep the surgical eye closed at all times.

Answer 3

Answer: C
Rationale: Avoiding activities that increase intraocular pressure is crucial to prevent complications.

Question 4

Question: Which condition is a common cause of conductive hearing loss?

A. Noise exposure
B. Cerumen impaction
C. Aging
D. Ménière’s disease

Answer 4

Answer: B
Rationale: Conductive hearing loss is often caused by obstructions, such as earwax.

Question 5

Question: Which intervention is most appropriate for a patient with conductive hearing loss caused by otitis media?

A. Prescribe a hearing aid
B. Perform ear irrigation
C. Administer prescribed antibiotics
D. Teach lip-reading skills

Answer 5

Answer: C
Rationale: Antibiotics treat the infection that can lead to conductive hearing loss.

Question 6

Question: What is the primary treatment goal for conductive hearing loss?

A. Improve sound transmission to the inner ear.
B. Strengthen the auditory nerve.
C. Remove damaged cochlear hair cells.
D. Block excess sound vibrations

Answer 6

Answer: A
Rationale: Conductive hearing loss treatment focuses on restoring sound conduction.

Question 7

Question: What is a priority nursing intervention for a patient with macular degeneration?

A. Encourage sunglasses outdoors
B. Educate about using central vision aids
C. Emphasize a diet low in cholesterol
D. Teach methods to reduce intraocular pressure

Answer 7

Answer: B
Rationale: Central vision aids, like magnifiers, are essential for patients with macular degeneration.

Question 8

Question: A patient with macular degeneration complains of worsening central vision. Which action is most appropriate?

A. Advise the patient to wear corrective lenses.
B. Refer the patient for low-vision aids.
C. Schedule the patient for cataract surgery.
D. Perform an otoscopic exam.

Answer 8

Answer: B
Rationale: Low-vision aids help patients manage the loss of central vision caused by macular degeneration

Question 9

Question: A patient with glaucoma reports blurry vision and eye pain. What should the nurse do first?

A. Check intraocular pressure
B. Administer eye drops as prescribed
C. Notify the healthcare provider immediately
D. Educate about avoiding bright lights

Answer 9

Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated intraocular pressure needs immediate assessment.

Question 10

Question: Which statement indicates effective teaching for a patient with glaucoma?

A. “Glaucoma can be cured with surgery.”
B. “I should take my eye drops even if my vision improves.”
C. “I should stop taking my eye drops if I experience eye redness.”
D. “Glaucoma only affects one eye at a time.”

Answer 10

Answer: B
Rationale: Glaucoma management requires consistent use of prescribed medications to control intraocular pressure.

Question 11

Question: A diabetic patient complains of tingling and numbness in their feet. What is the priority intervention?

A. Advise wearing open-toed shoes.
B. Inspect feet for injuries daily.
C. Apply heating pads to improve circulation.
D. Reduce physical activity to avoid pain.

Answer 11

Answer: B
Rationale: Daily foot inspection prevents unnoticed injuries that can lead to serious complications.

Question 12

Question: What is a common treatment for managing peripheral neuropathy?

A. Steroid therapy
B. Anticonvulsant medications
C. Intravenous antibiotics
D. High-protein diet

Answer 12

Answer: B
Rationale: Anticonvulsants like gabapentin help relieve nerve pain associated with peripheral neuropathy.

Question 13

Question: What is the most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss in adults?

A. Aging
B. Ear infections
C. Wax buildup
D. Trauma to the outer ear

Answer 13

Answer: A
Rationale: Presbycusis, or age-related hearing loss, is the most common type of sensorineural hearing loss.

Question 14

Question: What is the primary intervention for severe sensorineural hearing loss in children?

A. Cochlear implant placement
B. Earwax removal
C. Use of antiviral medications
D. Tympanoplasty surgery

Answer 14

Answer: A
Rationale: Cochlear implants bypass damaged hair cells and directly stimulate the auditory nerve.

Question 15

Question: What is the nurse’s priority action for a patient with a penetrating eye injury?

A. Flush the eye with sterile saline.
B. Cover both eyes to prevent movement.
C. Remove the foreign object immediately.
D. Apply pressure to stop bleeding.

Answer 15

Answer: B
Rationale: Covering both eyes prevents further movement that could worsen the injury.

Question 16

Question: Which symptom should the nurse expect in a patient with a corneal abrasion?

A. Gradual loss of central vision
B. Severe eye pain and tearing
C. Cloudy vision with halos
D. Complete loss of vision

Answer 16

Answer: B
Rationale: A corneal abrasion typically causes severe pain, tearing, and sensitivity to light.

Question 17

Question: A patient with cataracts states, “I’m afraid I will lose all my vision.” How should the nurse respond?

A. “Cataracts can cause complete blindness if untreated.”
B. “The surgery has a high success rate and often restores vision.”
C. “You should start preparing for vision loss now.”
D. “Cataracts only cause temporary vision changes.”

Answer 17

Answer: B
Rationale: Cataract surgery is a highly effective treatment that restores vision for most patients.

Question 18

Question: Which of the following would the nurse include in teaching for a patient with recurrent cerumen impaction?

A. “Use a cotton swab to clean your ears regularly.”
B. “Avoid using ear drops to prevent wax buildup.”
C. “Schedule regular ear irrigation with your healthcare provider.”
D. “Only clean your ears if they feel full or blocked.”

Answer 18

Answer: C
Rationale: Regular ear irrigation by a professional can prevent recurrent wax buildup and related hearing issues.

Question 19

Question: What is an expected finding in the assessment of a patient with cataracts?

A. Cloudy appearance of the eye lens
B. Red and inflamed sclera
C. Severe pain in the affected eye
D. Loss of peripheral vision

Answer 19

Answer: A
Rationale: Cataracts cause a cloudy or opaque lens, affecting the patient’s vision.

Question 20

Question: During an assessment, the nurse suspects conductive hearing loss. Which finding supports this suspicion?

A. Tinnitus in both ears
B. Difficulty hearing in noisy environments
C. Bone conduction better than air conduction on the Rinne test
D. Difficulty understanding high-frequency sounds

Answer 20

Answer: C
Rationale: Bone conduction exceeding air conduction suggests conductive hearing loss.

Question 21

Question: Which dietary recommendation is appropriate for a patient with macular degeneration?

A. “Avoid foods high in protein.”
B. “Increase intake of leafy green vegetables and fish.”
C. “Focus on foods low in fiber and fat.”
D. “Reduce consumption of foods containing vitamin C.”

Answer 21

Answer: B
Rationale: Leafy greens and fish are rich in antioxidants and omega-3s, which can slow the progression of macular degeneration.

Question 22

Question: Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of their macular degeneration diagnosis?

A. “I will likely lose my peripheral vision.”
B. “I need to prepare for complete blindness.”
C. “I should use bright lighting to help me see better.”
D. “This condition is caused by an infection in my eye.

Answer 22

Answer: C
Rationale: Bright lighting and low-vision aids can help patients adapt to the loss of central vision.

Question 23

Question: Which type of glaucoma is considered a medical emergency?

A. Primary open-angle glaucoma
B. Secondary glaucoma
C. Acute angle-closure glaucoma
D. Congenital glaucoma

Answer 23

Answer: C
Rationale: Acute angle-closure glaucoma requires immediate treatment to prevent permanent vision loss.

Question 24

Question: A patient with glaucoma is prescribed timolol eye drops. What is the primary purpose of this medication?

A. To decrease eye inflammation
B. To prevent cataract formation
C. To lower intraocular pressure
D. To dilate the pupil

Answer 24

Answer: C
Rationale: Timolol is a beta-blocker used to reduce intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients.

Question 25

Question: Which teaching point is essential for a patient with peripheral neuropathy?

A. “Wear thick socks to improve circulation.”
B. “Avoid walking to prevent further nerve damage.”
C. “Check your feet daily for cuts or sores.”
D. “Use cold compresses to relieve pain.”

Answer 25

Answer: C
Rationale: Daily foot checks help detect injuries that might go unnoticed due to decreased sensation.

Question 26

Question: A patient with diabetic peripheral neuropathy reports burning pain in their feet. What is the best nursing action?

A. Administer prescribed gabapentin.
B. Advise the patient to soak their feet in hot water.
C. Suggest wearing tight-fitting shoes for support.
D. Recommend avoiding walking entirely.

Answer 26

Answer: A
Rationale: Gabapentin is commonly prescribed to manage neuropathic pain

Question 27

Question: A patient with sensorineural hearing loss asks why they can’t hear well in noisy places. What is the best explanation?

A. “Your auditory nerve is damaged, which makes sound harder to process.”
B. “Noise exposure has blocked sound waves in your outer ear.”
C. “Fluid buildup in your middle ear is affecting your hearing.”
D. “Aging has caused your eardrum to harden, reducing sound vibrations.”

Answer 27

Answer: A
Rationale: Sensorineural hearing loss affects the auditory nerve, impairing sound processing, especially in noisy environments.

Question 28

Question: Which symptom is most commonly associated with sensorineural hearing loss?

A. Hearing muffled sounds
B. Pain in the ear
C. Difficulty understanding speech
D. Fullness in the ear

Answer 28

Answer: C
Rationale: Difficulty understanding speech, especially in noisy environments, is a hallmark symptom of sensorineural hearing loss.

Question 29

Question: Which intervention should the nurse prioritize for a chemical splash in the eye?

A. Cover the eye with a sterile dressing.
B. Flush the eye with copious amounts of water.
C. Apply antibiotic eye drops immediately.
D. Seek emergency surgical intervention.

Answer 29

Answer: B
Rationale: Flushing the eye immediately with water reduces chemical exposure and minimizes damage.

Question 30

Question: What is the nurse’s priority action for a patient with blunt trauma to the eye?

A. Administer prescribed pain medication.
B. Place a protective shield over the affected eye.
C. Flush the eye with saline.
D. Perform an eye irrigation with antibiotics.

Answer 30

Answer: B
Rationale: A protective shield prevents further injury until the eye can be evaluated by a specialist.