Sensory Perception Flashcards
What does sensory perception provide?
A way to interact with an environment and provides protection by allowing an individual to sense danger and react accordingly
What is the definition of sensation?
The ability to perceive stimulation through sensory organs, either internal or external
What is perception defined as?
The process by which we receive, organize and interpret sensation
What is sensory perception defined as?
Ability to receive sensory input and translate the stimulus or data into meaningful information
What are the five senses
Hearing, seeing, touch, smell, taste
What makes up the visual system?
Eyes, optic muscles, cranial nerves 2-6 (optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens)
Outer eye is comprised of and helps with?
Eyelid, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, eyes muscles
Helps with protection, regulates visual input, aid in tear production and move eyelids
What cranial nerve deals with sound/hearing ability?
Cranial nerve 8, the vestibulocochlear nerve
What does smell do?
Plays a critical role in controlling the desire to eat and maintain a healthy nutritional status
What happens to senses as a person ages?
There is typically a decline in sensory function as a person ages
When does age begin to effect vision?
The 4th decade typically, which is when there is reduced elasticity of the lens which makes it difficult to focus on items nearby
When does reduced sense of smell typically occur?
60 years of age is when it typically begins and gets increasingly worse in the 70s and 80s
What diseases can lead to decreased recognition of taste and smell?
Dementia related diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s
Why is it dangerous for people to lose taste and smell?
They may accidentally eat something that was hurtful, or they may not be able to smell a gas leak.
Where does sensation decline first?
In the fingers and toes, which can cause problems with burns or frostbite
What is legal blindness?
Corrected visual acuity of 20/200 in the better seeing eye
What are some primary eye disorders that cause decrease in vision?
Glaucoma, cataracts, retinal detachment, macular degeneration
What are some secondary disorders that cause decrease in vision?
Diabetes, hypertension, congenital abnormalities (congenital cataracts), ocular infections, chemical burns, eye malignancies,
What are two types of cancers that affect vision?
Choroidal melanoma and retinoblastoma
What senses can diabetes affect?
Diabetics can affect vision through diabetic retinopathy and touch through diabetic neuropathy.
What are some psychosocial consequences of hearing/vision loss
Social isolation, depression, anxiety, and loss of self worth
What populations are at risk for sensory impairment?
The elderly
What risk factors put a person more at risk for sensory impairment?
Genetics, adverse effects of medicine, chronic medical conditions, lifestyle choices, and occupation
What drugs cause taste and smell disturbances?
Chemotherapy drugs, antimicrobials, antivirals, antihypertensives, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics
How does altered taste and smell affect a person?
It can be associated with poor nutrient intake, reduced enjoyment with food, and reduced quality of life
What are side effects of antihistamines that affect sensory perception?
Dry mouth, blurred vision
What are some side effects of anti hypertensives that affects sensory perception?
Blurred vision, alterations in taste and smell
What are some side effects of miotic eye drops (pilocarpine, carbachol) that effect sensory perception?
Changes in vision, increase in nearsightedness, blurred vision
What are some side effects of anti seizure drugs (topiramate, acetazolamide) that effect sensory perception?
Numbness in hands and feet, dry mouth, tinnitus, blurred vision, eye pain, metallic taste
What are some side effects of diuretics that impact sensory perception?
Hearing loss, tinnitus, alterations in taste and smel
What are some side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs that effect sensory perception?
Alterations in taste and smell, paresthesia
What are some side effects of antibiotics that effect sensory perception?
Alterations in taste and smell, ototoxicity
What do many victims of shaken baby syndrome develop due to neurotrauma?
Traumatic retinoschisis
What are some medical conditions that cause hearing loss?
Ear infection, tympanic membrane perforation, traumatic ear injury, foreign body
What are some medical conditions that affect sense of smell
Sinus and upper respiratory infections Brain injury or trauma Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s Medications and chemical exposure Tumors in nasal cavity Mechanical blockages of the nares
What medical conditions can affect sense of taste?
Head and neck surgery Radiation to head and neck Head injury Oral abscesses and dental problems Exposure to chemical and radiations Burning mouth syndrome
What medical conditions can affect the sense of touch?
Systemic Sclerosis Raynauds CVA/stroke Spinal cord injury PVD Diabetes
In children with autism, what sensory issues are common?
Insensitivity to pain, unusual sensory responses to visual, auditory, tactile, and olfactory stimulation
What sense can smoking affect?
Smoking can affect taste and smell, but returns to normal when the person stops
