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Med Surg 3 > Sensory Perception > Flashcards

Sensory Perception Flashcards

1
Q

What does sensory perception provide?

A

A way to interact with an environment and provides protection by allowing an individual to sense danger and react accordingly

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2
Q

What is the definition of sensation?

A

The ability to perceive stimulation through sensory organs, either internal or external

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3
Q

What is perception defined as?

A

The process by which we receive, organize and interpret sensation

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4
Q

What is sensory perception defined as?

A

Ability to receive sensory input and translate the stimulus or data into meaningful information

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5
Q

What are the five senses

A

Hearing, seeing, touch, smell, taste

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6
Q

What makes up the visual system?

A

Eyes, optic muscles, cranial nerves 2-6 (optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens)

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7
Q

Outer eye is comprised of and helps with?

A

Eyelid, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, eyes muscles

Helps with protection, regulates visual input, aid in tear production and move eyelids

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8
Q

What cranial nerve deals with sound/hearing ability?

A

Cranial nerve 8, the vestibulocochlear nerve

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9
Q

What does smell do?

A

Plays a critical role in controlling the desire to eat and maintain a healthy nutritional status

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10
Q

What happens to senses as a person ages?

A

There is typically a decline in sensory function as a person ages

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11
Q

When does age begin to effect vision?

A

The 4th decade typically, which is when there is reduced elasticity of the lens which makes it difficult to focus on items nearby

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12
Q

When does reduced sense of smell typically occur?

A

60 years of age is when it typically begins and gets increasingly worse in the 70s and 80s

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13
Q

What diseases can lead to decreased recognition of taste and smell?

A

Dementia related diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s

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14
Q

Why is it dangerous for people to lose taste and smell?

A

They may accidentally eat something that was hurtful, or they may not be able to smell a gas leak.

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15
Q

Where does sensation decline first?

A

In the fingers and toes, which can cause problems with burns or frostbite

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16
Q

What is legal blindness?

A

Corrected visual acuity of 20/200 in the better seeing eye

17
Q

What are some primary eye disorders that cause decrease in vision?

A

Glaucoma, cataracts, retinal detachment, macular degeneration

18
Q

What are some secondary disorders that cause decrease in vision?

A

Diabetes, hypertension, congenital abnormalities (congenital cataracts), ocular infections, chemical burns, eye malignancies,

19
Q

What are two types of cancers that affect vision?

A

Choroidal melanoma and retinoblastoma

20
Q

What senses can diabetes affect?

A

Diabetics can affect vision through diabetic retinopathy and touch through diabetic neuropathy.

21
Q

What are some psychosocial consequences of hearing/vision loss

A

Social isolation, depression, anxiety, and loss of self worth

22
Q

What populations are at risk for sensory impairment?

A

The elderly

23
Q

What risk factors put a person more at risk for sensory impairment?

A

Genetics, adverse effects of medicine, chronic medical conditions, lifestyle choices, and occupation

24
Q

What drugs cause taste and smell disturbances?

A

Chemotherapy drugs, antimicrobials, antivirals, antihypertensives, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics

25
Q

How does altered taste and smell affect a person?

A

It can be associated with poor nutrient intake, reduced enjoyment with food, and reduced quality of life

26
Q

What are side effects of antihistamines that affect sensory perception?

A

Dry mouth, blurred vision

27
Q

What are some side effects of anti hypertensives that affects sensory perception?

A

Blurred vision, alterations in taste and smell

28
Q

What are some side effects of miotic eye drops (pilocarpine, carbachol) that effect sensory perception?

A

Changes in vision, increase in nearsightedness, blurred vision

29
Q

What are some side effects of anti seizure drugs (topiramate, acetazolamide) that effect sensory perception?

A

Numbness in hands and feet, dry mouth, tinnitus, blurred vision, eye pain, metallic taste

30
Q

What are some side effects of diuretics that impact sensory perception?

A

Hearing loss, tinnitus, alterations in taste and smel

31
Q

What are some side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs that effect sensory perception?

A

Alterations in taste and smell, paresthesia

32
Q

What are some side effects of antibiotics that effect sensory perception?

A

Alterations in taste and smell, ototoxicity

33
Q

What do many victims of shaken baby syndrome develop due to neurotrauma?

A

Traumatic retinoschisis

34
Q

What are some medical conditions that cause hearing loss?

A

Ear infection, tympanic membrane perforation, traumatic ear injury, foreign body

35
Q

What are some medical conditions that affect sense of smell

A 
Sinus and upper respiratory infections 
Brain injury or trauma
Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s 
Medications and chemical exposure
Tumors in nasal cavity
Mechanical blockages of the nares
36
Q

What medical conditions can affect sense of taste?

A 
Head and neck surgery
Radiation to head and neck
Head injury
Oral abscesses and dental problems 
Exposure to chemical and radiations 
Burning mouth syndrome
37
Q

What medical conditions can affect the sense of touch?

A 
Systemic Sclerosis
Raynauds
CVA/stroke
Spinal cord injury 
PVD
Diabetes
38
Q

In children with autism, what sensory issues are common?

A

Insensitivity to pain, unusual sensory responses to visual, auditory, tactile, and olfactory stimulation

39
Q

What sense can smoking affect?

A

Smoking can affect taste and smell, but returns to normal when the person stops

Med Surg 3 (1 decks)

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