Sensory organ disorders Flashcards

1
Q

what is a strabismus

A

crossed eyes deviation of one eye from the other when looking at an object

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2
Q

how common is strabismus (age)

A

can be normal in infant until age 4 months. after needs evaluation

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3
Q

what causes strabismus

A

most commonly caused by weak or hypertonic muscle in affected eye

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4
Q

what are the manifestations of strabismus

A

deviation of eye

diplopia (double vision)

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5
Q

what is cataracts

A

development of opacities of the ocular lense

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6
Q

what age do cataracts most effect

A

some formation expected by age 70

you will have them

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7
Q

what is the patho of cataracts

A

lense becomes stiff and opaque with age

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8
Q

what are the forms of cataracts

A

degenerative (most common)

congentially

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9
Q

what are the manifestations of cataracts

A
  1. decreased visual acuity with blurred vision
  2. increase in glare
  3. decreased color perception
  4. white light reflex (instead of red) in pupil area
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10
Q

what is glaucoma

A

increased intraocular pressure in anterior eye above normal of 13-22 mmHg of aqueous fluid

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11
Q

what age does glaucoma normally affect

A

increased between 45-60. second leading cause of blindness

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12
Q

what does aqueous humor usually do

A

maintain pressure in eye and supply nutrients to lense and cornea

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13
Q

what is the patho of glaucoma

A

obstruction to outflow of aqueous humor with resulting increase in amt of fluid and pressure in eye. pressure in eye impairs blood flow to retina with subsequent loss of acutiey

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14
Q

what is open angle glaucoma

A

90% chronic obstruction

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15
Q

what are the manifestations of chronic glaucoma

A
  1. develops slowly without obvious symptoms
  2. loss of peripheral vision
  3. loss of central vision
  4. blindness
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16
Q

what are the mani of acute glaucoma

A
  1. sudden severe eye pain
  2. nausea and vomiting
  3. decrease in vision
17
Q

what is otitis media

A

inflammation of middle ear

18
Q

who does otitis media affect

A
  1. 71% of kids had one episode before 3 yoa
  2. premature infants
  3. down’s kids
  4. babies fed in supine position
19
Q

why does otis media mostly happen with children

A

the eustachian tube is shorter more horizontal and more distensible which predisposed children to otitis media

20
Q

what are the two different types of otitis media

A

suppurative (infection)

effusion (fluid)

21
Q

why does suppurative otitis media happen

A

post upper respiratory infection (URI)

22
Q

what will you find when examining suppurative oitits media

A

red bulging immobile tympanic membrane (TM)

23
Q

what are the complications of suppurative otitis media

A

perforation and sclerosis of TM with hearing loss and delayed and poor speech

24
Q

what are the clinical mani of suppurative otitis media

A
fever
fussiness
ear pain
pulls on ear
hearing loss
25
Q

what causes effusion otitis media

A

can follow suppurative or seen in chronically with allergies

26
Q

what will you find when examining effusion otitis media

A
  1. dull gray or yellow TM
  2. trapped air and fluid with closure of eustachian tube
  3. fluid thickens and forms “glue ear”
27
Q

what are the clinical mani of effusion otitis media

A

doesnt look sick
decreaed hearing
ear feels “Full”