Sensory organ disorders Flashcards
what is a strabismus
crossed eyes deviation of one eye from the other when looking at an object
how common is strabismus (age)
can be normal in infant until age 4 months. after needs evaluation
what causes strabismus
most commonly caused by weak or hypertonic muscle in affected eye
what are the manifestations of strabismus
deviation of eye
diplopia (double vision)
what is cataracts
development of opacities of the ocular lense
what age do cataracts most effect
some formation expected by age 70
you will have them
what is the patho of cataracts
lense becomes stiff and opaque with age
what are the forms of cataracts
degenerative (most common)
congentially
what are the manifestations of cataracts
- decreased visual acuity with blurred vision
- increase in glare
- decreased color perception
- white light reflex (instead of red) in pupil area
what is glaucoma
increased intraocular pressure in anterior eye above normal of 13-22 mmHg of aqueous fluid
what age does glaucoma normally affect
increased between 45-60. second leading cause of blindness
what does aqueous humor usually do
maintain pressure in eye and supply nutrients to lense and cornea
what is the patho of glaucoma
obstruction to outflow of aqueous humor with resulting increase in amt of fluid and pressure in eye. pressure in eye impairs blood flow to retina with subsequent loss of acutiey
what is open angle glaucoma
90% chronic obstruction
what are the manifestations of chronic glaucoma
- develops slowly without obvious symptoms
- loss of peripheral vision
- loss of central vision
- blindness
what are the mani of acute glaucoma
- sudden severe eye pain
- nausea and vomiting
- decrease in vision
what is otitis media
inflammation of middle ear
who does otitis media affect
- 71% of kids had one episode before 3 yoa
- premature infants
- down’s kids
- babies fed in supine position
why does otis media mostly happen with children
the eustachian tube is shorter more horizontal and more distensible which predisposed children to otitis media
what are the two different types of otitis media
suppurative (infection)
effusion (fluid)
why does suppurative otitis media happen
post upper respiratory infection (URI)
what will you find when examining suppurative oitits media
red bulging immobile tympanic membrane (TM)
what are the complications of suppurative otitis media
perforation and sclerosis of TM with hearing loss and delayed and poor speech
what are the clinical mani of suppurative otitis media
fever fussiness ear pain pulls on ear hearing loss
