sensory neurons and reflexes

Question 0

which parts of the reflex arc are in the CNS

Answer 0

the end feet of the sensory neuron, the interneuron and the body of the motor neuron

Question 1

name the parts of the reflex arc in order from stimulus to reaction

Answer 1

receptor > sensory neuron > interneuron > motor neuron > effector organ

Question 2

which part of the reflex arc carries out the response?

Answer 2

the effector organ or cell (like an SMF)

Question 3

what happens to the neurons to cause your skin to “get used to” a sensation like warmth or a ring on a finger?

Answer 3

the neurons stop firing as quickly

Question 4

if a sound is made on one side of the body, that side receives the sound (more/less) quickly and (more/less) intensely and what does this cause

Answer 4

more quickly
more intensely
causes the brain to be able to decipher which side of the body the sound was made on

Question 5

if a sound is equidistant from both ears, it is harder to determine the location of origin of the noise because ears receive the stimulus…

Answer 5

at the same intensity and at the same time

Question 6

the optic nerve is one of

Answer 6

12 pairs of cranial nerves

Question 7

what type of receptor causes the swallowing reflex?

Answer 7

touch receptor

Question 8

what type of sensory receptor causes the knee-jerk reflex?

Answer 8

stretch receptor

Question 9

what is a basic unit of the nervous system

Answer 9

the reflex arc

Question 10

how does the AP travel in a reflex arc?

Answer 10

sensory receptor > sensory neuron > interneuron > motor neuron > effector cell (effector organ)

Question 11

define reflex

Answer 11

autonomic response to a stimulus

Question 12

what produces a reflex?

Answer 12

a reflex arc

Question 13

how much conscious thought does a reflex require?

Answer 13

none

Question 14

what are the types of reflexes?

Answer 14

autonomic

somatic

Question 15

name some examples of autonomic reflexes?

Answer 15

BP

TCO2

Question 16

name some examples of somatic reflexes?

Answer 16

withdrawal reflex (from pain)
golgi tendon reflex (prevents over-stretching tendons)
stretch reflex

Question 17

what is the simplest type of reflex?

Answer 17

stretch reflex

Question 18

define stretch reflex?

Answer 18

muscle cntx in response to a stretching force applied to it

Question 19

what type of specialized SMF is the sensory receptor of the stretch reflex

Answer 19

muscle spindle

Question 20

if the stretch reflex overactive in the knee-jerk reflex

Answer 20

the CNS neurons are overactive

Question 21

the sensory neurons of the knee-jerk reflex may be depressed if

Answer 21

the reflex is decreased

Question 22

no knee-jerk reflex may indicate

Answer 22

that the reflex pathway may not be intact

Question 23

what type of color blindness is most common?

Answer 23

red-green

Question 24

why is red-green color blindness more common in men?

Answer 24

it is on the X chromosome (men only have one X chromosome)

Question 25

what is the frequency of occurrence of colorblindness in men and women?

Answer 25

7% occurrence in men, 8x more likely than in women

Question 26

what regulates the amount of light entering the eye

Answer 26

pupil diameter

Question 27

how does the lens of the eye change to focus on a near object? what is this process known as?

Answer 27

it must become more spherical (thicker)

accommodation

Question 28

define the near point of vision

Answer 28

the point at which the eye is no longer able to “accommodate” enough to focus on an object being brought closer

Question 29

where does the eye focus an image?

Answer 29

on the retina

Question 30

what causes double vision?

Answer 30

an image is NOT focused on corresponding points of the two eyes

Question 31

define convergence reflex

Answer 31

the reflex adjustment made by the eyes that allows an image to continue to be focused on corresponding areas of the retinas of the two eyes

Question 32

the cones of the eye are responsible for what type of perception?

Answer 32

color

Question 33

the rods are responsible for allowing the perception of

Answer 33

light and objects

Question 34

when looking directly at an object, the object being viewed is formed on what part of the retina?

Answer 34

fovea centralis of the retina

Question 35

what type of vision does the fovea centralis of the retina allow for and how?

Answer 35

allows for particularly acute vision with a concentration of cone cells

Question 36

where do nerve fibers from the eye exit and form the optic nerve?

Answer 36

the optic disk

Question 37

what part of the retina lacks rods and cones

Answer 37

optic disk

Question 38

the optic disk is what is responsible for

Answer 38

the blind spot

Question 39

what happens when you shine a light into the eyes? and why?

Answer 39

the pupils contract – photopupil reflex – the pupil regulates the amount of light entering the eye and strong light can be harmful to cells in the retina

Question 40

how do the eye drops at the eye doctors work?

Answer 40

they inhibit the photopupil reflex