Sensory Integration Flashcards
SI in OT refers to 3 things:
- the theory
- evaluation methods
- a specific approach to intervention
why do OTs get a bad wrap when it comes to SI?
the term is used so loosely within and outside of the profession
When working with sensory interventions, DON’T say ….. DO say …..
“I’m DOING sensory integration” / “I’m treating sensory processing disorder”
when working with SI, we work from a ……. perspective, NOT …….
occupation-based perspective / single theory or model
Steps in SI theory (kind of long but there’s an example):
sensory intake (ex: from clothes) > sensory integration (I’m uncomfortable) > planning and organizing behavior (I’m going to sit differently) > adaptive responses and learning > feedback (I’m more comfortable) > sensory intake…..
why does SI theory feed into emotional regulation?
you have to address the sensory aversion to avoid a negative emotional association
the ………. takes the information from the emotions in our …….. system and associates it to anything
amygdala / limbic
I don’t like Natalie > I can’t stand anyone who looks like Natalie
3 characteristics of SI theory
- explains why individuals behave in particular ways (unable to regulate sensory info)
- helps plan intervention to improve particular dysfunctions (monitor what you’re asking of the kid)
- predicts how behavior will change as a result of therapy (knowledge of the patterns and brain processes helps ability to predict)
5 assumptions from Ayres SI theory
- CNS is plastic
- SI develops over time
- brain functions as an integrated whole
- adaptive interactions are critical to SI
- there is an inner drive to develop SI through participation in sensorimotor activities
Ayres goal was to develop a theory to describe and predict relationships among:
neural functioning, sensorimotor development, and academic learning
Ayres definition of SI
the neurological process that organizes sensation from one’s own body and from the environment and makes it possible to use the body effectively within the environment
when Ayres defined SI, she was moving beyond the concept that….
body, mind, and learning are separate
2 outcomes of CNS dysfunction (chart)
- sensory modulation dysfunction
- dyspraxia (somatodyspraxia and BIS)
expressions of modulation dysfunction (4) - top to bottom
- aversive response
- gravitational insecurity
- defensiveness (tactile, auditory, visual…)
- under responsiveness
expressions of modulation dysfunction lead to (4) - top to bottom
- avoidance
- distractibility (inc activity)
- withdrawn
- sensory seeking
CNS site for modulation dysfunction
limbic/reticular
postural control is impacted by which senses
- visual
- vestibular
- proprioceptive
- tactile
discrimination is impacted by which sense
all (vis, vest, prop, tactile, aud)
2 expressions of dyspraxia
- BIS (feedforward-dependent)
- somatodyspraxia (feedforward & feedback-dependent)
expressions of dyspraxia lead to (4) - top to bottom
- clumsiness
- clowning
- avoidance of motor behavior
- exaggerated or diminished force
modulation dysfunction manifests from difficulties in the ……………. areas, while dyspraxia manifests from ……………. areas
- limbic/reticular
- posture/discrimination
T/F: there can be a mixture of avoidance & sensory seeking
true
gravitational insecurity looks like …………….. and interventions look like ……………
- avoiding anything off the ground (chairs, swings)
- start at the ground and make tiny increases until body can regulate it
- sloooooooow process b/c gravity is always “on”
adaptive responses
using sensation and experience to organize a successful goal directed action in the environment