Sensory Impairment Flashcards
what is a sensory impairment
one or more senses are no longer normal
what are two outcomes of having a sensory impairment
low confidence
require support
what is a cataract
clouding of the eye that prevents clear vision
what are the different types of cataract
age related
congenital
toxic drug related
traumatic
systemic disease
what is the treatment for cataracts
surgery - phaecomulsification which is an intraocular lens implant
what is ARMD
age related macular degeneration
build up of cellular waste under the retina
what are the types of ARMD
drusen type, atrophy (dry) and neurovascularisation (wet)
what aspect of vision does ARMD affect
central
what is the dry type ARMD
gradual loss
slow atrophy of photoreceptors at the macula
no treatment
what is wet type ARMD
dry ARMD plus there is leakage of blood and fluid at the macula
laser surgery sometimes effective
what is glaucoma
fluid building up in the front part of the eye which increases pressure in the eye
what are the two types of glaucoma
primary open angle type
angle closure glaucoma
what is primary open angle type glaucoma
slow onset, anterior angle chamber open but drainage of channel becomes blocked over time
what is angle closure glaucoma
more acute, drainage in eye is suddenly blocked and the intraocular pressure increases quickly
what is the treatment for glaucoma
reduce production of fluid through drops - beta blockers
increase drainage of fluid through laser surgery
what is diabetic retinopathy
characteristic group of lesions found in the retina of individuals with diabetes mellitus due to changes in retinal circulation from continuously high blood sugar
what is background retinopathy
small bulges that develop and bleed
what is pre-proliferative retinopathy
more significant bleeding to the eye
what is proliferative retinopathy
scar tissue and new blood vessels develop on the retina and can burst easily
what is the treatment for diabetic retinopathy
improve diabetic control
laser
virectomy
what is hemianopia
blindness in one half of the visual field which can be caused by stroke
what three things can affect hearing
disease
disorder
injury
what are the two causes of hearing impairment
congenital
acquired
what are aspects of congenital hearing impairment
maternal rubella
syphilis
low birth weight
jaundice
