Sensory Analysis Of Food Flashcards by Charlotte Smith

What is facial coding?

A method of measuring the muscular movements of the face in response to stimuli

Movements correlate to specific emotions in response to food.

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Which facial movements are considered universal in facial coding?

Eyes, cheeks, lips, nose, and eyebrows

These expressions are recognized across cultures.

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How does facial coding compare to fMRI in terms of cost?

Less expensive than fMRI but still costly.

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What is the qualitative step in sensory evaluation?

Focus group and sensory exploration concept/product.

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What is involved in the design stage of sensory evaluation?

Formulation and experimental design including kitchen trials.

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What are the four main senses involved in sensory evaluation?

Sight
Smell
Taste
Touch/Texture
Sound

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What role does sight play in sensory analysis?

Influences the perception of flavor and texture.

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How does the sense of smell contribute to flavor perception?

Helps to detect different types of odors and volatiles from the mouth.

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What are the five basic tastes sensed by taste buds?

Sweet
Salt
Sour
Bitter
Umami

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What information does touch/texture provide in sensory evaluation?

Information about temperature, consistency, and surface texture.

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How can sound affect taste?

Hearing can affect taste through sounds like crackle, crunch, or fizz.

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What are the three groups of sensory analysis of food?

Effective testing
Affective testing
Perception

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What is affective testing in sensory evaluation?

A model for measuring product acceptance.

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What are the two main methods to measure preference and acceptance?

Paired-comparison test
Nine-point hedonic scale

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What is the paired comparison test?

A two-product test to indicate which product has more of a designated characteristic.

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Describe the duo-trio test.

Task is to indicate which product is most similar to a reference product.

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What is the triangle test in discrimination testing?

A three-product test where subjects determine which two are most similar.

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What does descriptive analysis provide in sensory evaluation?

Quantitative descriptions of products from qualified subjects’ perceptions.

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What are the key considerations for sample preparation and presentation?

Temperature
Serving utensil
Sample size
Sample coding
Order of presentation

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What is the role of the test environment in sensory evaluation?

To minimize personal preferences and external influences.

What factors should be considered in the selection and training of panel members?

Number of judges
Sensitivity tests
Individual variations

What is UKAS accredited full descriptive profile used for?

Recommended for larger sample sizes needing in-depth sensory characteristics understanding.

What is Napping® in sensory analysis?

A rapid method where samples are grouped on a map based on similarities and differences.

What does the term ‘magnitude estimation’ refer to in scoring methods?

Judges provide numbers for samples without restriction to reflect acceptance.

What is the nine-point hedonic scale used for?

To measure food product acceptance/preference.

How does the hedonic scale limit expression of preference?

Limited categories may not allow full hedonic experience expression.

What is the downside of using nominal scales in sensory analysis?

Participants cannot express their degrees of response.

What is the importance of sensory evaluation?

Measures attributes that cannot be assessed by physical or chemical tests.

What are the general classifications of sensory evaluation panels?

* Field panels * Consumer panels * Free choice profiling panels * Quantitative description analysis panels * Expert panels

What are the four categories of scales in measurement?

* Nominal * Ordinal * Interval * Ratio

What does the term 'ordinal scales' refer to?

Scales that identify and describe magnitude without knowing the properties of the interval.

What is the significance of the history of sensory evaluation?

Recognized as a scientific discipline emphasizing the importance of all senses.

What challenges arise from single expert analysis in sensory evaluation?

Assumption that highest grade equates with highest quality and consumer preference.

What is the role of trained assessors in sensory evaluation?

To provide reliable and valid results in descriptive analysis.

What is the purpose of sensitivity methods in sensory evaluation?

Used in tests on assessors to evaluate their sensitivity to stimuli.

What are the criteria for selecting panel members?

* Age * Health * Experience * Smoking status

What is often considered an interval scale?

It is debatable as the intervals are numerically but not psychologically equal. ## Footnote Interval scales have equal intervals between points but may not reflect equal psychological distances.

What do ordinal scales identify and describe?

Magnitude ## Footnote Ordinal scales rank variables but do not specify the magnitude of differences between them.

What do ordinal scales show regarding variables?

The relative rank of variables. ## Footnote This means they indicate which variables are higher or lower in a given context.

What is measured by ordinal scales?

Non-numeric attributes such as frequency, satisfaction, happiness, etc. ## Footnote Ordinal scales can be used to rank subjective experiences.

What do ordinal scales allow in terms of respondent agreement?

Analysis of degree of agreement among respondents with respect to the identified order of the variables. ## Footnote This is useful in surveys where understanding consensus is important.

What is an advantage of ordinal scales?

Ease of comparison between variables. ## Footnote They facilitate straightforward comparisons as they rank data.

How are values indicated in ordinal scales?

In a relative manner using a linear rating scale. ## Footnote This method provides more informative results than nominal scales.

What issue can affect EEG data collection?

Artifacts caused by other stimuli, such as body or eye movements. ## Footnote These artifacts can distort the data collected from EEG measurements.

What sensitivity issue is mentioned regarding participants in EEG studies?

Left-handed participants are often excluded due to differences in brain activity. ## Footnote This exclusion can lead to a lack of generalizability in findings.

What is the purpose of sensory quality grading?

To understand differences in the sensory quality of products. ## Footnote Experienced sensory quality assessors use this method for evaluations.

What is fMRI used to measure?

Cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption by neurons as a surrogate for neuronal function. ## Footnote fMRI is a non-invasive imaging technique often utilized in brain studies.

What challenges are associated with fMRI?

It is very expensive and delivery of food inside the scanner is challenging. ## Footnote These factors limit its accessibility and practical application in certain studies.