Senses and Nervous System Flashcards
Describe the stimulus response model.
The model suggests that a stimulus is detected by sensory receptors in the body and transmitted to the brain, where it is processed and integrated with other information. The brain then generates a motor output, which leads to a response.
List the 5 types of Receptors in the body.
Thermo
Mechano
Chemo
Photo
Pain
Describe the thermo receptors
Thermoreceptors are sensory receptors that detect changes in temperature.
specialized nerve endings found in the skin, organs, and muscles.
Describe the mechano receptors
Mechanoreceptors are sensory receptors that respond to mechanical stimuli, such as pressure, touch, and vibration. They are found throughout the body and are responsible for providing information about our physical environment.
Describe the chemo receptors
Chemoreceptors are sensory receptors that respond to chemical stimuli.
Chemoreceptors found in the tongue and nose as well as in the heart and head.
They detect changes in the external and internal environments of the body.
Describe the photo receptors
Photoreceptors are specialized sensory receptors that respond to light. They are located in the retina of the eye and are responsible for our ability to see.
Describe the pain receptors
Pain receptors, also known as nociceptors, are specialized sensory receptors that respond to tissue damage and noxious stimuli such as heat, cold, pressure, and chemicals. They are found throughout the body, particularly in the skin, muscles, and internal organs.
Describe the process of seeing
Seeing is a complex process that involves the eyes, brain, and nervous system. It begins when light enters the eye and is focused onto the retina, a layer of light-sensitive cells at the back of the eye. The retina contains two types of photoreceptor cells called rods and cones, which are responsible for detecting and transmitting visual information to the brain.
Describe the process of hearing
Hearing is the process by which sound waves are detected by the ears and converted into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain for interpretation. It involves a complex series of events that occur within the ear and the brain.
List the 3 different types of neurons
Sensory
Motor
Inter
Describe the function of neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that are responsible for transmitting signals between neurons in the brain and nervous system. They are produced and released by neurons and bind to specific receptors on neighboring neurons, triggering a response.
Explain the importance of reflex arcs
Reflex arcs are important for several reasons. They are a rapid and automatic response to a potentially dangerous or harmful stimulus, designed to protect the body from harm. Reflexes allow the body to respond quickly without conscious thought or decision-making, which can be critical in emergency situations.
What are sensory neurons?
These neurons are responsible for transmitting sensory information from the sensory receptors (such as the eyes, ears, skin, and nose) to the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord). They are specialized to detect different types of stimuli such as light, sound, touch, and smell.
What are motor neurons?
These neurons are responsible for transmitting motor commands from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands. They help to control movement, posture, and various bodily functions.
What are inter neurons?
These neurons are responsible for transmitting information between neurons within the central nervous system. They play a critical role in processing and integrating information from different sensory and motor neurons, allowing us to interpret and respond to the world around us.
