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Bringman Neuro > Senses > Flashcards

Senses Flashcards

1
Q

How many senses do we have?

A
  1. Sight
  2. Smell
  3. Taste
  4. Touch
  5. Hearing
  6. Proprioception
  7. Pain
  8. Hunger/Satiety “I’m Full”
  9. Bowel and Bladder [Book: Infant Potty Training]
  10. Temperature
  11. Fatigue/Tired (is it a sense?)
  12. Vibration
  13. Thirst
  14. Nausea
  15. Barognosis
  16. Kinesthesia
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2
Q

Barognosis

A

Guessing weight in hand with eyes closed

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3
Q

Proprioception

A

Move arm into a position

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4
Q

Kinesthesia

A

Move joint, lengthen and shorten

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5
Q

Anterolateral (Spinothalaminc)

A

Pain
Temp
Crude Touch

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6
Q

Dorsal Column- Medial Lemniscus

A 
Proprioception (position or joint angle)
Vibration
Light touch/Discriminatory (2-point) (use aesthesiometer) 
o	Most- hands
o	Least- back, back of legs
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7
Q

Other sensory besides tract

A 
Cortical
Traced figure (draw) (graphesthesia)- Much higher level of function to be able to determine what’s being drawn

Stereognosis (tactile recognition)- key in pocket

Double simultaneous stimulation (different sides of the body)
o Can do light touch, sharp touch,
o Must be able to differentiate and determine

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8
Q

Kinesthesia-

A

hold the sides of finger and test- don’t apply pressure up or down when testing

Do not be monotonous in testing (pt. will try to anticipate because of your pattern, so vary it) Test bilateral to get norms. Be random

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9
Q

Dysesthesia

A

Unpleasant or painful cutaneous experiences (tingling’s, pins and needles.

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10
Q

Astereognosis-

A

Inability to determine object from feeling only

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11
Q

Anesthesia

A

loss of sense

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12
Q

Hypoalgesia

A

Pain that should create an x amount of stimuli that doesn’t- perceive a painful stimuli as not as painful

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13
Q

Hyperalgesia

A

Pain that shouldn’t be super painful- abnormal heightened pain

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14
Q

Allodynia

A

Sense pain from non-noxious stimuli

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15
Q

Thigmesthesia

A

Ability to perceive light touch

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16
Q

Thigmanasthesia

A

Inability to perceive light touch

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17
Q

Trichoesthesia

A

Ability to feel the deflection of hair

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18
Q

Pallesthesia

A

Ability to pick up vibratory sense

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19
Q

Pallanesthesia

A

Inability to pick up vibratory sense

20
Q

Stereognosis

A

Putting hand in picket and picking right key without looking at it

21
Q

Neuro Notes: 80-81

A
  • 0-5 and 0-4 for reflexes is ok
  • 0+ absent
  • 1+ hypo
  • 2+ normal
  • 3+ hyperreflexive (brisk movement)
  • 4+ 1-3 beats of clonus
  • 5+ sustained clonus
    If someone is 1+ bilateral, that’s ok. Outside of a diagnosis it’s ok.
    When you hit 4+ and 5+
    A lot of times it happens at ankle
    Sometimes neutral position can cause it- DF to neutral will cause it
    At risk for creating pressure/friction/shear
    Just the right amount of stretch
22
Q

Cremasteric

A

T

23
Q

Bulbocavernosus

A

T

24
Q

Abdominal

A

Stroke towards belly button, should contract ipsilaterally

25
Q

Babinski/Plantar

A

T

26
Q

Abnormal reflex that we shouldn’t have: JUGS H

A 
Jaw reflex (CN 5)
Upper Lip 
Glabellar Reflex
Snout Reflex
Hoffmans- finger flick
27
Q

Jaw reflex (CN 5)

A

If the patient has a response, thy will crack a tooth and can bite tip of tongue off (MS patients)

28
Q

Snout Reflex

A

Create reflex of oral spinchter (make O with lips) CN-7

29
Q

Glabellar Reflex

A

Percussion of glabella of eye- tap forehead and person shouldn’t blink (blinking is + sign)

30
Q

Hoffmans

A

Finger flick

31
Q

Pt. may not have Thigmesthesia, but have Trichoesthesia – that’s why you don’t wick with light touch test

A

T

32
Q

Olfactory- sensory- Test

A

Test 1 nostril at a time have them smell something familiar but non-noxious
Impaired in Alzheimer’s patient
Negative effects of impaired senses- cannot sense danger: fire, chemical (noxious odor- may do something incorrectly), spoiled food

33
Q

Optic- sensory Test

A

Snellen chart- Read something 20/20- 20 feet away pt. must perceive it’s 20 feet away otherwise vision is impaired. Over 20 ft, better than 20/20 vision. 20/10 20 feet away but it looks 10 feet; legally blind is 20/400,

Peripheral vision (average peripheral field chart)
Peripheral vision- Important for safety
Must scan everything left and right. Use fingers to see how far pt. sees in peripheral vision.

Corneal light reflection test CN5- (shape of globe)

34
Q

Trochlear- motor

A

Eye movements

35
Q

Trigeminal

A

Motor and sensory (Opthalmic 1, Maxillary 2 Mandibular3)

36
Q

Corneal reflex

A

Wisp of cotton ( use to touch eyeball if pt. blink thenCN 5 & 7 intact)

37
Q

Masseter muscle

A

Have them bite

i. You can hold jaw and pull down for MMT (lol)
ii. Excursion from side-to-side
c. Sensation and if they are having trouble chewing food

38
Q

Abducens

A

Motor

Follow my finger- left to right, diagonal

39
Q

Occulomotor- motor

A

Eye movement, and pupillary light reflex
b. Have direct and indirect
Direct: direct on one side and indirect on other- the one with light being shined onto will constrict and the other side will constrict but not as much
Convergence- look far and look near- pupil constrict and dilate
Eye focuses- it will get really tight and bounce back to fine tune
To test this muscle have pt. open eyelids- if the patient has droopy eyelid= ptosis

40
Q

Facial- Motor and sensory

A

Motor: smiles, raise eyebrows, close your eyes (these are the big 3 for stroke patient)
b. Sensation: outer ear rub, taste (have whatever you’re tasting, don’t let pt. see what you are testing them with, smell it- do it bilaterally)

41
Q

Vestibuchochlear- sensory, hearing and balance (tested in a big picture)

A

Weber test

Rinne

42
Q

Rinne

A

Tuning fork, place right behind ear, wait until they no longer hear it and bring it up and they will hear it again- air conduction is twice as long as bone conduction - Might not be able to hear either, might be able to hear vibration and not be able to hear air conduction- no vibration is sensory or nerve issue

43
Q

Weber test

A

Take tuning fork, vibrate it, place at apex of skull, vibration will conduct through bone to inner ear, it will vibrate those 3 little bones- it should be equal on both sides, if a person has an air conduction problem, one of those sides will sound louder (more sensation with vibration- the nerve will get input, the sound lateralizes to the side with air conduction problem) pt. can’t hear sound normally,

44
Q

Glossopharyngeal

A

Motor and sensory typically tested with 10

Phonation- Make a hard g sound, gag reflex

45
Q

Vagus

A

Swallowing- we should pick up on swallowing issues, we can figure out if someone needs to stop eating and get Speech eval,
S&S: cough, choke, drooling (big one!- not be able to feel), trouble eating

46
Q

Spinal Accesssory

A

Shrug shoulder, add resistance, head turning

Only one a PT can really mess up: Too much massage can

47
Q

Hypoglossal

A

Protrude tongue out
If I CN lesion, the tongue deviates to affected side
Our tongues work by going into a point

Bringman Neuro (7 decks)

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